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认知障碍作为慢性阻塞性肺疾病的合并症：一项叙述性综述
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Abstract:
慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是一种常合并多种疾病的慢性呼吸系统疾病。其中，认知障碍作为一种常见却易被忽视的合并症，可能对患者的生活质量及疾病管理产生重大影响。尽管慢性阻塞性肺病患者认知障碍的确切原因尚不清楚，但已经提出了慢性炎症、低氧血症、高碳酸血症、吸烟为两者关联的可能机制。本综述旨在总结COPD相关认知障碍的流行病学特征、潜在机制与临床意义，并探讨管理方案。我们强调，将认知障碍的识别与管理整合至COPD的综合治疗策略中至关重要，以改善患者整体健康与长期预后。
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory disease often associated with multiple comorbidities. Among them, cognitive impairment is a common yet frequently overlooked comorbidity that can significantly affect the patient’s quality of life and disease management. Although the exact causes of cognitive impairment in COPD patients remain unclear, potential mechanisms linking the two have been proposed, including chronic inflammation, hypoxemia, hypercapnia, and smoking. This review aims to summarize the epidemiological characteristics, underlying mechanisms, and clinical significance of COPD-related cognitive impairment, as well as to explore management strategies. We emphasize the importance of integrating the recognition and management of cognitive impairment into the comprehensive treatment strategy for COPD to improve the patient’s overall health and long-term prognosis.
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