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Bioprocess 2025
猴科动物比较基因组学的研究进展
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Abstract:
非人灵长类猴科动物作为生物医学研究的关键模型和人类演化的近缘类群，其比较基因组学研究对于揭示复杂性状的遗传基础与演化机制具有重要意义。本文综述了猴科动物(包括猴亚科与疣猴亚科)比较基因组学的研究进展。在猴亚科中，研究围绕基因组测序技术的迭代、物种形成过程中的基因流与杂交历史、适应性进化的遗传机制以及对免疫缺陷病毒(SIV)的天然抵抗性等方面展开；在疣猴亚科中，基因组学分析则成功揭示了其在食叶性、生境适应、复杂社会结构形成以及进化历史等方面的分子调控网络。未来研究需在拓展基因组数据广度与深度、加强功能验证、整合多维数据以及深化生物医学应用等方面持续探索。本文旨在为该领域的未来研究方向提供理论参考。
As key models in biomedical research and close relatives of humans in evolution, non-human primates of the Cercopithecidae family are of great significance for uncovering the genetic basis and evolutionary mechanisms of complex traits through comparative genomics. This review summarizes the research progress in comparative genomics of Cercopithecidae animals, including the Cercopithecinae and Colobinae. In Cercopithecinae, studies have focused on the iteration of genome sequencing technologies, gene flow and hybridization during speciation, genetic mechanisms of adaptive evolution, and natural resistance to Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV). In Colobinae, genomic analyses have successfully revealed molecular regulatory networks underlying their folivory, habitat adaptation, formation of complex social structures, and evolutionary history. Future research should continue to explore the expansion of genomic data in breadth and depth, enhance functional validation, integrate multi-dimensional data, and deepen biomedical applications. This review aims to provide theoretical guidance for future research directions in this field.
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