全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

Effect of Physical Street Characteristics on the Safety of Child Pedestrians in Kawangware Ward

DOI: 10.4236/cus.2025.134015, PP. 311-327

Keywords: Physical Street Characteristics, Safety, Child-Pedestrians

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

Streets are known as the veins of a city. With the growth of cities, emphasis is moving from building large roads to creating streets that support quality places (NACTO, 2016). Child pedestrians from deprived areas such as informal settlements are particularly at risk (Clarke & Draisin, 2023). This study sought to establish whether there is a relationship between the physical characteristics of the streets of an area and the safety of school-going child pedestrians and was undertaken in Kawangware ward, Nairobi City County in Kenya. Data was collected by use of standardized questionnaires and an observation checklist. The questionnaires were issued to a sample of teachers and guardians representing children while the observation checklist was used to collect data on the physical characteristics of Gitanga street in Kawangware. Quantitative analyses were applied and it was found that not only do physical characteristics affect safety, but some are more critical to safety than others.

References

[1]  Amiour, Y., Waygood, E. O. D., & van den Berg, P. E. W. (2022). Objective and Perceived Traffic Safety for Children: A Systematic Literature Review of Traffic and Built Environment Characteristics Related to Safe Travel. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19, Article 2641.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052641
[2]  Chen, T., Sze, N. N., Chen, S., & Labi, S. (2020). Urban Road Space Allocation Incorporating the Safety and Construction Cost Impacts of Lane and Footpath Widths. Journal of Safety Research, 75, 222-232.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2020.09.014
[3]  Ciesla, M. (2021). Modern Urban Transport Infrastructure Solutions to Improve the Safety of Children as Pedestrians and Cyclists. Infrastructures, 6, Article 102.
https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures6070102
[4]  Clarke, R., & Draisin, N. (2023). Improving Road Safety for Urban Children. In S. Sabry, & A. Nallari (Eds.), Research Series. Cities for Children and Youth (pp. 1-30). Cities 4 Children.
[5]  Elhamy, M. (2012). Improvement of Road Layout and Safety in an Urban Environment: towards a Pedestrian-Friendly Street Corniche of Alexendria as a Case Study. International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology, 1, 335-350.
https://doi.org/10.1260/2046-0430.1.4.335
[6]  Gehl, J. (2010). Cities for People. Island Press.
[7]  Gonzalo-Orden, H., Pérez-Acebo, H., Unamunzaga, A. L., & Arce, M. R. (2018). Effects of Traffic Calming Measures in Different Urban Areas. Transportation Research Procedia, 33, 83-90.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2018.10.079
[8]  Hamidi, S., Ewing, R., Azimi, E., et al. (2023). A National Investigation on the Impacts of Lane Width on Traffic Safety. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
[9]  Hamim, O. F., & Ukkusuri, S. V. (2023). Towards Safer Streets: A Framework for Unveiling Pedestrians’ Perceived Road Safety Using Street View Imagery. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 195, Article 107400.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2023.107400
[10]  Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS) (2019). 2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census Volume II. Distribution of Population by Administrative Units.
https://www.knbs.or.ke/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/2019-Kenya-population-and-Housing-Census-Volume-2-Distribution-of-Population-by-Administrative-Units.pdf
[11]  Nassiuma, D. K. (2000). Survey Sampling. Theory and Methods. University of Nairobi Press.
[12]  National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO) (2016). Global Street Design Guide. Island Press.
[13]  National Transport Safety Authority (NTSA). (2023). Draft National Road Safety Action Plan 2023-2027. NTSA.
[14]  Odhiambo, E. (2021). Promoting Non-Motorized Transport in Nairobi. A Study on Users, Safety, and Infrastructure Trends. Climate and Development Knowledge Network.
https://cdkn.org/sites/default/files/2022-01/CDKN%20NMT%20Report_updated%20to%20add%20citation%20Jan%202022.pdf
[15]  Osuret, J., Van Niekerk, A., Kobusingye, O., Atuyambe, L., & Nankabirwa, V. (2024). Child Pedestrian Crossing Behaviour and Associated Risk Factors in School Zones: A Video-Based Observational Study in Kampala, Uganda. Injury Prevention, 30, 216-223.
https://doi.org/10.1136/ip-2023-044932
[16]  Riaz, M. S., Cuenen, A., Polders, E., Akram, M. B., Houda, M., Janssens, D. et al. (2022). Child Pedestrian Safety: Study of Street-Crossing Behaviour of Primary School Children with Adult Supervision. Sustainability, 14, Article 1503.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su14031503
[17]  Sewandono, M., & Kuper, B. J. (2022). Sustainable Street Furniture and its Effect on Streetscape Perception. University of Groningen.
[18]  Speck, J. (2012). Walkable City. How Downtown Can Save America, One Step at a Time. North Point Press.
[19]  Wang, Z., Zhang, H., Yang, X., & Li, G. (2022). Neighborhood Streets as Places of Older Adults’ Active Travel and Social Interaction—A Study in Daokou Ancient Town. Journal of Transport & Health, 24, Article 101309.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2021.101309
[20]  Wangzom, D., White, M., &Paay, J. (2023). Perceived Safety Influencing Active Travel to School—A Built Environment Perspective. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20, Article 1026.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021026
[21]  World Health Organization (WHO) (1998) Health Promotion Glossary. World Health Organization.
[22]  World Health Organization (WHO) (2013). Make Walking Safe: A Brief Overview of Pedestrian Safety around the World. WHO.
[23]  World Health Organization (WHO) (2023a). Global Status Report on Road Safety 2023. WHO.
[24]  World Health Organization (WHO) (2023b). Pedestrian Safety: A Road Safety Manual for Decisionmakers and Practitioners. WHO.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133