Background: Heart transplantation constitutes not only a profound physiological impact but also imposes immense psychological strain, necessitating a deeper comprehension and optimal promotion of subjective well-being. Objective: Quantitative data collection of relationships between the subjective well-being of heart transplant patients and selected influencing factors was investigated. Material and Methods: In a random sample of 97 heart transplant patients, quality of life was measured with the MLDL, subjective well-being with the HSWBS, social support with the SUCE-4, social activities, personality traits with the BFI-10 and the UGTS, as well as disease management according to the EFK, and physical complaints with the ERSD-SC TM were determined using an online survey. Results: In addition to physical well-being, social life, personality traits, the type of disease (chronic or spontaneous), and functional capacity have a significant impact on subjective well-being. Conclusion: In addition to physical well-being, psychosocial monitoring should also be established in transplantation medicine, and the long-term involvement of psychotherapists, psychiatrists, and social workers should be considered. After a heart transplantation, caring for the mind is just as essential as caring for the body, as subjective well-being is a product of the reciprocal influences of physical and psychological states.
References
[1]
Drees, G. (2002) Die betreuung von transplantationspatienten-eine interdisziplinäre aufgabe. Zeitschrift für Herz-, Thorax-und Gefäßchirurgie, 16, i99-i102. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00398-002-1106-x
[2]
Wray, J., Hallas, C.N. and Banner, N.R. (2007) Quality of Life and Psychological Well‐being during and after Left Ventricular Assist Device Support. Clinical Transplantation, 21, 622-627. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0012.2007.00698.x
[3]
de Zwaan, M., Erim, Y., Kröncke, S., Vitinius, F., Buchholz, A. and Nöhre, M. (2023) Psychosocial Diagnosis and Treatment before and after Organ Transplantation. Deutsches Ärzteblatt international, 64, 423-430. https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.m2023.0087
[4]
Peled, Y., Hsich, E., Grady, K.L. and Dew, M.A. (2024) The Psychosocial Evaluation of Heart Transplant Candidates. The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation, 43, 215-223.
[5]
Drees, G. and Scheld, H.H. (2011) Die Herztransplantation: Not a One-Time Event. Zeitschrift für Herz-, Thorax-und Gefäßchirurgie, 25, 9-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00398-011-0832-3
[6]
Erim, Y., Beckmann, M., Klein, C., Paul, A. and Beckebaum, S. (2013) Psychosomatische asoekte der transplantationsmedizin. PPmP-Psychotherapie·Psychosomatik·MedizinischePsychologie, 63, 238-249.
[7]
Albert, W. (2011) Lebensqualität im Langzeitverlauf nach Herztransplantation. Zeit-schrift für Herz-, Thorax-und Gefäßchirurgie, 25, 14-19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00398-011-0833-2
[8]
Köllner, V., Einsle, F., Schade, I., Maulhardt, T., Gulielmos, V. and Joraschky, P. (2003) Psychosoziale Belastung Und Lebensqualität Bei Patienten Nach Herz-Oder Lungentransplantation/The Influence of Anxiety, Depression and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder on Quality of Life after Thoracic Organ Transplantation. Zeitschrift für PsychosomatischeMedizin und Psychotherapie, 49, 262-274. https://doi.org/10.13109/zptm.2003.49.3.262
[9]
Schulz, K.-H., Kraft, S., Ewers, H., Wein, C., Kröncke, S. and Koch, U. (2002) Lebensqualität nach organ transplantation. Bundesgesundheitsblatt-Gesundheitsforschung-Gesundheitsschutz, 45, 782-794. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-002-0482-4
[10]
Tackmann, E. and Dettmer, S. (2018) Health-related Quality of Life in Adult Heart-Transplant Recipients—A Systematic Review. Herz, 45, 475-482. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-018-4745-8
[11]
Albert, W., Matzke, J., Sabashnikov, A., Pizanis, N., Zeriouh, M., Popov, A.-F., Wahlers, T. and Mohite, P. N. (2024) Quality of Life in Patients 20-31 Years after Heart Transplantation. Clinical Transplantation, 38, e15371. https://doi.org/10.1111/ctr.15400
[12]
M’Pembele, R., Roth, S., Stroda, A., Reier, T., Lurati Buse, G., Sixt, S.U., et al. (2022) Validation of Days Alive and Out of Hospital as a New Patient-Centered Outcome to Quantify Life Impact after Heart Transplantation. Scientific Reports, 12, Article No. 18352. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-21936-4
[13]
WHO (2020) Constitution of the World Health Organization. Basic Documents, 49, 1-19.
[14]
Franzkowiak, P. and Hurrelmann, K. (2022) Gesundheit [Health]. In: Federal Centre for Health Education (BZgA), Ed., Leitbegriffe der Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention. GlossarzuKonzepten, Strategien und Methoden.
[15]
Hurrelmann, K. and Richter, M. (2013) Sociology of Health and Medicine: An Introduction to Social Science Health Research. 8th Revised Edition, Beltz.
[16]
Albus, C., Waller, C., Fritzsche, K., Gunold, H., Haass, M., Hamann, B., et al. (2018) Bedeutung von psychosozialen Faktoren in der Kardiologie—Update 2018. DerKardiologe, 12, 312-331. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12181-018-0271-4
[17]
Herrmann-Lingen, C. (2011) Psychosomatic Aspects of Chronic Heart Failure: Nothing but Depression? Herz, 36, 135-141. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-011-3420-0
[18]
Herrmann-Lingen, C. (2019) Psychokardiologie—Aktuelle Leitlinien und klinische Realität. PPmP-Psychotherapie·Psychosomatik·Medizinische Psychologie, 69, 237-252. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-0870-1420
[19]
Lange-Asschenfeldt, C. and Lederbogen, F. (2013) Wenn das herz auf die psyche schlägt: Über den zusammenhang von depression und KHK. CME, 10, 65-73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11298-013-0368-9
[20]
Costard-Jäckle, A., Tigges-Limmer, K. and Gummert, J. (2022) Herztransplantation. In: Rahmel, A., Hahnenkamp, K. and Middel, CD., Eds., RepetitoriumTransplantationsbeauftragte, Springer, 299-313. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62614-6_29
[21]
Rosenberger, E.M., Fox, K.R., DiMartini, A.F. and Dew, M.A. (2012) Psychosocial Factors and Quality-of-Life after Heart Transplantation and Mechanical Circulatory Support. Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation, 17, 558-563. https://doi.org/10.1097/mot.0b013e3283564f45
[22]
Chambers, D.C., Cherikh, W.S., Goldfarb, S.B., Hayes, D., Kucheryavaya, A.Y., Toll, A.E., et al. (2018) The International Thoracic Organ Transplant Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: Thirty-Fifth Adult Lung and Heart-Lung Transplant Report—2018; Focus Theme: Multiorgan Transplantation. The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation, 37, 1169-1183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2018.07.020
[23]
Leibniz-Institut für Psychologie (ZPID) (2019) Open Test Archive: HSWBS. Habituelle subjektive Wohlbefindensskala.
[24]
Tammen, M.M.I. (2002) Lebensqualität,-zufriedenheit und psychisches Befinden bei Patienten mit terminaler Herzinsuffizienz. Serielle untersuchungen vor und im ersten jahr nach herztransplantation. Dissertation, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität.
[25]
Altmann, U. et al. (2021) Kurzfragebogen zur sozialen unterstützung bei chro-nischen erkrankungen. (SUCE-4). Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik, MedizinischePsychologie, 71, 237-242.
[26]
Dalbert, C. (2002) UGTS—Ungewissheitstoleranzskala. Open Test Archive, ZPID.
[27]
Franke, G.H. (2009) ESRD-SCL TM. End-Stage Renal Disease Symptom Checklist-Transplantation Module. Open Test Archive, ZPID.
[28]
Franke, G.H. and Jagla-Franke, M. (2021) EFK. Essener Fragebogen zur Krank-heitsverarbeitung. Open Test Archive, ZPID.
[29]
Amelang, M. and Bartussek, D. (2001) Differentielle Psychologie und Persönlich-keitsforschung. Kohl-Hammer.
[30]
Döring, N. and Bortz, J. (2016) Research Methods and Evaluation in the Social and Human Sciences. Springer.
[31]
Franke, G.H. and Jagla, M. (2016) EFK—Essener fragebogen zur krankheitsver-arbeitung-testmanual. Open Test Archive, ZPID.
[32]
Roberts, B.W. and Mroczek, D. (2008) Personality Trait Change in Adulthood. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 17, 31-35. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2008.00543.x
[33]
Specht, J., Egloff, B. and Schmukle, S.C. (2011) Stability and Change of Personality across the Life Course: The Impact of Age and Major Life Events on Mean-Level and Rank-Order Stability of the Big Five. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 101, 862-882. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0024950
