不同职业女性更年期症状与焦虑及社会支持关系研究
A Study on the Relationship between Menopausal Symptoms, Anxiety, and Social Support in Women of Different Occupations

更年期是女性一生中身心出现转变的一个关键阶段，在此阶段的女性群体会更容易受到生理变化与社会环境双重因素造成的影响。本文以270名城市在岗女性样本为支撑，探讨不同职业背景下更年期症状的表现差异及其与焦虑、社会支持之间的关系。基于Kupperman更年期指数、GAD-7焦虑量表与社会支持评定量表的测评结果显示，教师与企业服务类女性更年期症状及焦虑水平显著高于其他职业群体；而焦虑是症状加剧的关键心理因素。这说明，更年期女性的身心状态受到职业结构、情绪机制与支持系统的交互影响，需从性别化职业建制与社会资源配置视角加以回应，这样才能支持更具差异化的健康干预路径。
Menopause is a critical stage in a woman’s life where physical and mental changes occur. During this stage, the female population is more susceptible to the dual effects of physiological changes and social environment. This article uses a sample of 270 urban employed women as support to explore the differences in menopausal symptoms under different occupational backgrounds and their relationship with anxiety and social support. The evaluation results based on the Kuperman Menopause Index, GAD-7 Anxiety Scale, and Social Support Rating Scale show that the menopausal symptoms and anxiety levels of female teachers and enterprise service workers are significantly higher than those of other occupational groups. And anxiety is a key psychological factor that exacerbates symptoms. This indicates that the physical and mental state of menopausal women is influenced by the interaction of occupational structure, emotional mechanisms, and support systems. It is necessary to respond from the perspective of gendered occupational establishment and social resource allocation in order to support more differentiated health intervention pathways.