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计及流固耦合的受电弓气动特性研究
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Abstract:
为了研究受电弓流固耦合作用对受电弓气动特性影响，基于计算流体动力学理论，建立受电弓的空气动力学模型，采用雷诺时均方法(RANS)，模拟受电弓的非定常气动力；利用有限元分析协同仿真平台，建立受电弓的结构动力学模型，并通过系统耦合求解器，完成流体压力和结构位移计算数据交换，实现受电弓的双向流固耦合分析。研究结果表明：流固耦合作用主要引起受电弓上框架升力增大和下臂杆升力减小，对受电弓其他部件的升、阻力影响相对较小。上框架、下臂杆气动升力受流固耦合作用影响较为明显，表明上框架与下臂杆的结构柔性与非定常流场存在较强的耦合机制。
In order to study the effects of fluid-solid coupling on the aerodynamic characteristics of the pantograph, the aerodynamic model of pantograph was established based on the theory of computational fluid dynamics. The Reynolds Average Navier-Stokes (RANS) was applied to simulate the unsteady aerodynamic forces of the pantograph by Fluent simulation. The structure dynamics model of pantograph was established by the Workbench co-simulation platform. The System Coupling solver was also used to complete the data transfer of fluid pressure and structure displacement to realize the bidirectional fluid-solid coupling analysis of the pantograph. The results show that the effect of fluid-solid coupling mainly causes the upper frame lift of the pantograph to increase and the lower frame lift to decrease. The effect of fluid-solid coupling has less influence on the lift and drag force of other components of the pantograph. The aerodynamic lift forces on the upper frame and lower arm are significantly influenced by fluid-structure interaction (FSI), indicating a strong coupling mechanism between the structural flexibility of these components and the unsteady flow field.
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