图解适线法在水文频率分析中的应用
Application of Graphical Fitting Method in Hydrological Frequency Analysis

水文频率分析是揭示水文变量的概率分布，获取水文过程的频率特征，从而为水利工程设计、水资源保护等方面提供科学依据。为寻求更加实用和有效的水文频率分析方法，本文基于图解适线法，以云南省旧州站与羊庄坪站流量资料为例进行实例研究，分别以离差绝对值和、离差平方和、标准差最小为适线准则作为该方法最优模型，对P-III型分布参数进行优化，优化结果与概率权重矩法、权函数法进行对比。结果表明：该方法层次清楚，计算便捷，拟合曲线效果较好，是一种实用的水文频率分析方法。
Hydrological frequency analysis is to reveal the probability distribution of hydrological variables and obtain the frequency characteristics of hydrological processes, so as to provide a scientific basis for water conservancy engineering design and water resources protection. In order to seek a more practical and effective hydrometric frequency analysis method, this paper takes the flow data of Jiuzhou Station and Yangzhuangping Station in Yunnan Province as an example based on the graphical fitting method. The absolute value sum of the deviation, the square sum of the deviation, and the minimum standard deviation are taken as the optimal model of the method to optimize the P-III distribution parameters. Comparing the optimization results with the probability weight moment method and the weight function method shows that the method has a clearer hierarchy, more convenient calculation, and better curve fitting. It is a practical hydrometric frequency analysis method.