聚氯乙烯的制备及其应用研究进展
Research Progress on Preparation and Application of Polyvinyl Chloride

聚氯乙烯作为一种重要的通用型热塑性塑料，由于其优异的阻燃性能、耐化学腐蚀、耐低温、易于加工且加工过程无污染的特点，广泛应用于建筑、医疗、电子、食品包装等诸多领域。本文详细阐述了聚氯乙烯的主要制备方法，包括悬浮聚合法、乳液聚合法、本体聚合法等，然后相继提出了聚氯乙烯的改性技术，包括物理改性和化学改性，最后分析了聚氯乙烯未来在建筑材料、电线电缆、医疗器械等领域的发展趋势，为高性能聚氯乙烯的研发提供了新的研究思路。
As an important general-purpose thermoplastic, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is widely used in construction, healthcare, electronics, food packaging, and many other fields due to its excellent flame retardant properties, chemical corrosion resistance, low-temperature resistance, ease of processing, and pollution-free processing characteristics. This paper elaborates on the main preparation methods of PVC, including suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, and bulk polymerization. Subsequently, modification techniques for PVC are presented, encompassing both physical modification and chemical modification. Finally, the future development trends of PVC in building materials, wire and cable, medical devices, and other fields are analyzed, providing new research perspectives for the development of high-performance PVC materials.