生态视角下《过故人庄》英译本的及物性系统分析
A Transitivity Analysis of the English Translations of Visiting an Old Friend’s Cottage from an Ecological Perspective

本文基于系统功能语言学中的及物性系统理论，结合生态话语分析的视角，选取孟浩然《过故人庄》及其四个英译本(译者分别为威特·宾纳、张炳星、曾培慈和许渊冲)作为语料，探讨其在自然、社会与精神生态三重意蕴下的语义构建。研究发现，原诗以物质过程为主，关系过程、心理过程与其他类型过程为辅，体现了诗人对自然的热爱、对乡村社会关系的珍视以及精神追求的超然态度。译文在传达生态意蕴方面各有特点，其中许渊冲译本在及物性系统的还原度上最为接近原诗。本文以语言学手段揭示诗歌的生态价值，为田园诗的理解与英译实践提供新的研究视角。
Based on the transitivity system theory within Systemic Functional Linguistics and viewed through the lens of ecological discourse analysis, this study selects Meng Haoran’s poem Visiting an Old Friend’s Cottage and its four English translations (by Witter Bynner, Zhang Bingxing, Zeng Peici, and Xu Yuanchong) as the corpus to explore the semantic constructions embedded in the natural, social, and spiritual ecological dimensions. The research reveals that the original poem predominantly employs material processes, supplemented by relational, mental, and other types of processes, reflecting the poet’s love for nature, appreciation of rural social relationships, and transcendent spiritual pursuits. The translations each convey ecological implications with distinct characteristics, among which Xu Yuanchong’s version shows the closest alignment with the original poem’s transitivity system. This paper utilizes linguistic methods to uncover the ecological value of the poem, offering new perspectives for understanding pastoral poetry and its English translation practice.