Research on Hybrid Energy Storage Technology with Supercapacitors and Batteries in Parallel

With the global energy transition, renewable energy development has attracted significant attention. However, its intermittency and instability necessitate efficient energy storage technologies. This study focuses on hybrid energy storage technology combining supercapacitors and batteries in parallel, providing an in-depth analysis of their performance characteristics. Batteries suffer from drawbacks such as poor low-temperature performance, low energy density, and low charge-discharge efficiency, whereas supercapacitors offer advantages like high capacitance, long charge-discharge lifespan, wide operating temperature range, and rapid charge-discharge capability. When connected in parallel, these two technologies complement each other in terms of power characteristics and temperature adaptability, optimizing the performance of the hybrid energy storage system. Through modeling of the hybrid energy storage system, the study theoretically demonstrates its ability to enhance battery performance. In practical applications, such as hybrid electric vehicles, this technology has shown advantages like improved energy recovery efficiency and extended driving range. However, challenges remain, including the high cost of supercapacitors, the need for optimized control strategies, and the requirement to expand temperature ranges and energy density. In the future, with technological advancements, this hybrid energy storage technology is expected to see widespread application, promoting efficient and sustainable energy development.