老残之游与老残之哭的辩证关系——《老残游记》的游者思想解读
The Dialectical Relationship between Lao Can’s Travels and His Crying—Interpretation of the Traveler’s Thoughts in The Travels of Lao Can

近代著名谴责小说《老残游记》中的主人公老残，有两个贯穿全文始终的行为，即老残之“游”与老残之“哭”，“游”是老残的生存方式，“哭”是老残在“游”的过程中感受到生存痛苦后的外在表现，两者之间形成了一种辩证关系，即老残之“哭”是老残之“游”的结果，同时也是老残之“游”继续进行的原因，这种辩证关系的背后是主人公老残丰富而深刻的游者思想，涵盖了“游历者”、“游侠”、思想上的“游心者”及行为上的“游离者”多个层次，是老残行为逻辑的根本所在。
Lao Can, the protagonist in the famous modern condemnation novel The Travels of Lao Can has two behaviors throughout the whole text, which are Lao Can’s “traveling” and “crying”. “Traveling” is Lao Can’s way of survival, and “crying” is the external expression of Lao Can’s pain of survival after “traveling”. A dialectical relationship is formed between the two; that is, Lao Can’s “crying” is the result of his “traveling”, and it is also the reason why Lao Can continues to “travel”. Behind this dialectical relationship is the protagonist Lao Can’s rich and profound traveler thought, covering multiple levels of “traveler”, “knight-errant”, “wanderer” in thought and behavior, which is the root of Lao Can’s behavioral logic.