数字劳动异化现象及其超越路径——基于《1844年经济学哲学手稿》分析
The Phenomenon of Digital Labor Alienation and Its Transcendent Path—Based on the Analysis of the “Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844”

数字资本主义的转型催生了新型劳动异化现象，亟需从理论层面揭示其内在机制与实践超越可能。以马克思异化劳动理论为框架，结合数字劳动的具体形态，从劳动产品、劳动过程、类本质及社会关系四重维度展开分析。劳动产品的数据商品化导致劳动者与劳动成果的疏离，算法控制加剧劳动过程的身心规训，类本质异化将人的创造力降维为数据喂养行为，社会关系则被简化为数据原子间的功利化交换。通过重构技术伦理、重塑主体性、推动数据治理革新等路径，技术工具可被重新锚定于人的解放目标。最终，打破资本对数据的垄断、实现生产资料集体化，能够为技术服务于人类自由本质的“数字共产主义”提供实践方向。
The transformation of digital capitalism has given rise to a new type of labor alienation phenomenon, and it is urgent to reveal its internal mechanism and practical transcendence possibilities at the theoretical level. Based on Marx’s theory of labor alienation and combined with the specific forms of digital labor, the analysis is carried out from four dimensions: labor products, labor processes, class nature and social relations. The commercialization of data of labor products leads to the estrangement between workers and labor achievements. Algorithmic control intensifies the physical and mental discipline of the labor process. The alienation of class essence reduces human creativity to data-feeding behavior, and social relations are simplified to the utilitarian exchange between data atoms. Through paths such as reconstructing technological ethics, reshaping subjectivity, and promoting innovation in data governance, technological tools can be re-anchored to the goal of human liberation. Ultimately, breaking the monopoly of capital on data and achieving collectivization of the means of production can provide a practical direction for “digital communism” where technology serves the essence of human freedom.