湘中地区农村住宅全生命周期碳排放分析与低碳设计策略研究
Analysis of Life Cycle Carbon Emission and Study on Low-Carbon Design Strategy of Rural Residences in Central Hunan Province

本研究聚焦湘中地区农村住宅，旨在深入剖析其在全生命周期内的碳排放特征及影响因素。通过广泛的数据收集和实地调研，对建筑物化、运行维护及拆除清理三个阶段的碳排放进行了详尽测算。研究结果表明，湘中地区农村住宅碳排放主要集中于建材生产和运行维护阶段，且能源消耗模式和建材选择是关键的影响因素。针对不同阶段碳排放特征提出低碳设计策略，包括优化住宅朝向以充分利用自然采光通风，选用煤矸石空心砖等节能环保建材，分类回收再利用建筑材料、推广太阳能、生物质能等可再生能源的应用以及加强住宅的耐久性设计等，为实现湘中地区农村住宅的低碳可持续发展提供理论依据和实践指导。
This study focuses on rural residential buildings in central Hunan Province, aiming to conduct an in-depth analysis of their carbon emission characteristics and influencing factors throughout the life cycle. Through extensive data collection and on-site investigations, a comprehensive calculation of carbon emissions was carried out for the three stages: building materialization (construction), operation and maintenance, and demolition and clearance. The research findings indicate that carbon emissions from rural residential buildings in central Hunan are primarily concentrated in the building material production and operation and maintenance stages. Energy consumption patterns and the selection of building materials are identified as the key influencing factors. In response to the distinct carbon emission profiles of each phase, this research proposes low-carbon design strategies, including: optimizing the orientation of residential buildings to maximize natural lighting and ventilation, selecting energy-efficient and environmentally friendly building materials, such as coal gangue hollow bricks, recycling and reutilization of construction materials, promoting the application of renewable energy sources, notably solar energy and biomass energy and strengthening the durability design of residential buildings. These strategies aim to provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for achieving low-carbon and sustainable development of rural residential buildings in central Hunan Province.