中药外敷在内外踝骨折患者围术期护理中的应用效果
Application Effect of External Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Perioperative Nursing of Patients with Internal and External Ankle Fractures

目的：探讨中药外敷护理在内外踝骨折患者围术期应用的效果。方法：选取2022年1月至2024年1月收治的经临床确诊的内外踝骨折患者110例作为研究对象。采用区组随机化法将患者分为两组，每组55例。对照组接受常规护理，研究组在常规护理基础上加用中药外敷。比较两组患者干预后的效果，评价指标包括：肢体肿胀程度、疼痛评分、肢体周径变化、肢体运动功能、日常生活能力、足踝功能评分、生活质量及并发症发生率。结果：研究组患者肢体肿胀程度、疼痛评分及肢体周径均显著低于对照组(P < 0.05)。研究组肢体运动功能和日常生活能力评分均显著高于对照组(P < 0.05)。研究组各项足踝功能评分均显著高于对照组(P < 0.05)。研究组生活质量评分显著高于对照组(P < 0.05)。研究组并发症发生率显著低于对照组(P < 0.05)。结论：在内外踝骨折患者围术期采用常规护理联合中药外敷效果确切。该方案能有效减轻肢体肿胀与疼痛，促进肢体运动功能、日常生活能力及足踝功能的恢复，显著降低并发症风险，具有临床推广价值。
To explore the effect of using traditional Chinese medicine external application for perioperative care of internal and external ankle fractures. Method: Patients with internal and external ankle fractures admitted from January 2022 to January 2024 were selected as the study subjects, all of whom were clinically diagnosed. A total of 110 cases were randomly divided into two groups, with 55 cases in each group. One group received routine nursing and was named the control group, while the other group received routine + Chinese medicine external application and was named the study group. Different nursing effects were evaluated, such as limb swelling and pain scores, limb circumference change, limb motor function, daily living ability, foot and ankle function score, quality of life and complication rate. The results showed that the swelling and pain of the limbs were lower in the study group compared to the circumference of the limbs, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05); the comparison of limb movement and daily living ability showed that the study group had a higher score, with a significant difference (P < 0.05); the comparison of ankle function scores showed that the study group had a higher score and the difference was significant (P < 0.05); compared with the control group, the quality of life in the study group was relatively high, and the difference was significant (P < 0.05); the incidence of complications was lower in the study group, and the difference was significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of routine nursing and external application of traditional Chinese medicine during the perioperative period for internal and external ankle fractures is more effective in relieving limb swelling and pain, promoting improvement in exercise, daily living ability, and ankle function, and significantly reducing the risk of complications. It is worth promoting in the future medical field.