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微米尺度KM鼠肠道菌群空间分布特征研究
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Abstract:
肠道菌群对宿主的健康具有重要影响。目前，相关研究多使用宏观尺度样品(毫米至厘米级)，而对于微观尺度(<100 μm)下微生物群落的空间分布特征尚缺乏系统认知。本文以7只昆明小鼠为研究对象，使用16S rRNA基因扩增子测序技术对378个结肠微颗粒样品(20~40 μm)和32个结肠块状样品进行了测序。结果表明，昆明小鼠肠道菌群在物种和功能基因组成上具有明显的空间异质性，其中功能基因的异质性显著小于物种组成的异质性。微颗粒所能容纳的物种和功能基因数显著低于块状样品，微颗粒间的物种和功能基因组成的差异显著高于块状样品。基于块状样品和微颗粒样品构建的共现网络存在明显差异。综上，本研究拓展了微米尺度下小鼠肠道微生物群落空间分布特征的认知，证明使用不同尺度样品推断得到的种间关系存在明显差异。
The gut microbiota exerts significant impacts on host health. Current studies primarily utilize bulk samples (millimeter to centimeter), while systematic understanding of the spatial distribution characteristics of microbial communities at micrometer resolutions (<100 μm) remains limited. In this study, we analyzed 7 Kunming mice using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, including 378 colonic micro-scale grains (20~40 μm) and 32 bulk samples. Distinct spatial heterogeneity in both taxonomic and functional gene composition of gut microbiota in Kunming mice were observed, with functional heterogeneity being significantly lower than taxonomic heterogeneity. Micro-scale grains accommodated significantly fewer species and functional genes compared to bulk samples, while exhibiting significantly greater inter-grain variability in both taxonomic and functional compositions. Co-occurrence networks constructed from bulk samples and micro-scale grains displayed marked topological differences. This study expands our understanding of spatial distribution patterns in gut microbial communities at micrometer scale, and demonstrates that interspecies relationships inferred from samples of different scales exhibit substantial discrepancies.
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