马克思生态思想研究综述
A Review of Research on Marx’s Ecological Thought

作为马克思主义理论体系的重要构成维度，马克思生态思想的生成兼具历史必然性与理论创新性双重特质。马克思对旧自然哲学、黑格尔的唯心主义自然哲学、费尔巴哈形而上的思维方式的批判，勾画出人与自然界内在辩证统一的发展图景，并通过对人类社会和自然界的考察，揭示出人类社会和自然界的一般规律，实现了对自然发展和社会发展的连通。当前，在全球生态治理体系变革与中国式现代化生态文明建设的双重诉求下，重释马克思生态思想的当代价值，对于破解资本增殖与生态可持续性的结构性矛盾、构建人与自然生命共同体具有重大理论意义。本研究通过系统梳理马克思生态思想的历史生成逻辑与核心理论范式，旨在为全球生态治理提供马克思主义的解决方案，同时为新时代生态文明建设奠定更为坚实的学理基础。
As an important component dimension of the Marxist theoretical system, the formation of Marx’s ecological thought is both a historical necessity and a theoretical innovation. Marx’s criticism of the old natural philosophy, Hegel’s idealist natural philosophy, and Feuerbach’s metaphysical thinking mode drew up the development picture of the internal dialectical unity between man and nature, and revealed the general laws of human society and nature through the investigation of human society and nature, realizing the connection between natural development and social development. At present, under the dual demands of the reform of the global ecological governance system and the construction of Chinese-style modern ecological civilization, reinterpreting the contemporary value of Marx’s ecological thought has great theoretical significance for solving the structural contradiction between capital multiplication and ecological sustainability and building a community of human and natural life. By systematically sorting out the historical logic and core theoretical paradigm of Marx’s ecological thought, this study aims to provide a Marxist solution for global ecological governance and lay a more solid theoretical foundation for the construction of ecological civilization in the new era.