全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

Exploring the Safety and Compatibility of a Ready-to-Use Vaginal Film Vehicle for Drug Delivery: A Clinical Assessment

DOI: 10.4236/arsci.2025.133009, PP. 105-114

Keywords: Mucoadhesive Films, Gynecology, Vaginal Drug Delivery

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the safety profile and clinical acceptance of FemPhylloTM, a novel ready-to-use base for mucoadhesive vaginal films, in the context of personalized medicine. The assessment focused on the vehicle’s compatibility with vaginal mucosa and its influence on vaginal microbiota and pH levels. Methods: A non-comparative, controlled, clinical trial was conducted with healthy female subjects aged 18 to 50. The study involved a 4-week application of the vaginal film, with evaluations including clinical assessments, vaginal pH measurement, and microbiological cultures. Key exclusion criteria included recent infections, current medication use affecting mucosal integrity, and physiological conditions such as pregnancy. Results: The trial comprised 32 participants who completed the study, showing no significant adverse reactions related to the use of FemPhylloTM. Clinical observations confirmed the absence of discomfort, irritation, or other negative symptoms. Vaginal pH levels remained stable throughout the study period, with no significant alterations. Microbiological analysis showed no growth in pathogenic bacteria or fungi. Conclusion: FemPhylloTM demonstrated a high level of safety and was well tolerated without disturbing the vaginal ecosystem. The stability of vaginal pH and the absence of microbial growth confirm its potential as a safe carrier for various pharmaceutical agents. Further studies are recommended to assess long-term impacts.

References

[1]  Bigambo, F.M., Wang, D., Zhang, Y., Mzava, S.M., Dai, R. and Wang, X. (2022) Current Situation of Menstruation and Gynecological Diseases Prevalence among Chinese Women: A Cross-Sectional Study. BMC Womens Health, 22, Article No. 270.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-022-01860-5
[2]  Izetbegovic, S., Alajbegovic, J., Mutevelic, A., Pasagic, A. and Masic, I. (2013) Prevention of Diseases in Gynecology. International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 4, 1347-1358.
[3]  Polonini, H., Loures, S., Alves, M.C., Ferreira, A.O., Brandão, M.A.F. and Raposo, N.R.B. (2018) Feasibility Study Evaluating Pentravan® for the Intravaginal Administration of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients to Reduce Pelvic Pain Related to Endometriosis. Drug Delivery Letters, 8, 200-208.
https://doi.org/10.2174/2210303108666180319164824
[4]  Dedeloudi, A., Siamidi, A., Pavlou, P. and Vlachou, M. (2022) Recent Advances in the Excipients Used in Modified Release Vaginal Formulations. Materials, 15, Article 327.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15010327
[5]  Choudhury, A. (2011) A Review on Novelty and Potentiality of Vaginal Drug Delivery. International Journal of PharmTech Research, 3, 1033-1044.
[6]  Hussain, A. and Ahsan, F. (2005) The Vagina as a Route for Systemic Drug Delivery. Journal of Controlled Release, 103, 301-313.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2004.11.034
[7]  Ndesendo, V.M.K., Pillay, V., Choonara, Y.E., Buchmann, E., Bayever, D.N. and Meyer, L.C.R. (2008) A Review of Current Intravaginal Drug Delivery Approaches Employed for the Prophylaxis of HIV/AIDS and Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections. AAPS PharmSciTech, 9, 505-520.
https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-008-9073-5
[8]  Machado, R.M., Palmeira-De-Oliveira, A., Martinez-De-Oliveira, J. and Palmeira-De-Oliveira, R. (2013) Vaginal Films for Drug Delivery. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 102, 2069-2081.
https://doi.org/10.1002/jps.23577
[9]  Kulkarni, R., Fanse, S. and Burgess, D.J. (2023) Mucoadhesive Drug Delivery Systems: A Promising Noninvasive Approach to Bioavailability Enhancement. Part II: Formulation Considerations. Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery, 20, 413-434.
https://doi.org/10.1080/17425247.2023.2181332
[10]  Oliveira, A., Polonini, H. and Brandão, M. (2023) Practical Guide of Pharmaceutical Compounding. 6th Edition, Editar, Juiz de Fora.
[11]  Mishra, R., Joshi, P. and Mehta, T. (2016) Formulation, Development and Characterization of Mucoadhesive Film for Treatment of Vaginal Candidiasis. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation, 6, 47-55.
https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-973x.176487
[12]  Sweetman, S.C. (2012) Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference. 37th Edition, Pharmaceutical Press, 100.
[13]  Food and Drug Administration (2025) GRAS Notice Inventory.
https://www.hfpappexternal.fda.gov/scripts/fdcc/index.cfm?set=GRASNotices
[14]  World Medical Association (2013) World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects. JAMA, 310, 2191-2194.
[15]  Working Group on Clinical Practices (WG/GCP) Good Clinical Practices (2005) Document of the Americas. Pan American Network for Drug Regulatory Harmonization 2005.
[16]  (2016) Good Clinical Practices: ICH Harmonized Tripartite Guidelines Guideline for Good Clinical Practice E6 (R2). International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use.
[17]  Miller, E. (1969) The Signed-Rank (Wilcoxon) Test. The Lancet, 293, 371.
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(69)91330-0
[18]  Gali, Y., Delezay, O., Brouwers, J., Addad, N., Augustijns, P., Bourlet, T., et al. (2010) In Vitro Evaluation of Viability, Integrity, and Inflammation in Genital Epithelia Upon Exposure to Pharmaceutical Excipients and Candidate Microbicides. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 54, 5105-5114.
https://doi.org/10.1128/aac.00456-10
[19]  Health and Food Safety Directorate-General Medicinal Products for Human Use Safety, Environment and Information (2018) Excipients in the Labelling and Package Leaflet of Medicinal Products for Human Use.
[20]  Notario-Pérez, F., Martín-Illana, A., Cazorla-Luna, R., Ruiz-Caro, R., Bedoya, L., Peña, J., et al. (2019) Development of Mucoadhesive Vaginal Films Based on HPMC and Zein as Novel Formulations to Prevent Sexual Transmission of HIV. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 570, Article ID: 118643.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118643
[21]  Garg, S., Goldman, D., Krumme, M., Rohan, L.C., Smoot, S. and Friend, D.R. (2010) Advances in Development, Scale-Up and Manufacturing of Microbicide Gels, Films, and Tablets. Antiviral Research, 88, S19-S29.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2010.09.010
[22]  Coggins, C., Elias, C.J., Atisook, R., Bassett, M.T., Ettiègne-Traoré, V., Ghys, P.D., et al. (1998) Womenʼs Preferences Regarding the Formulation of Over-the-Counter Vaginal Spermicides. AIDS, 12, 1389-1391.
https://doi.org/10.1097/00002030-199811000-00022
[23]  Osmałek, T., Froelich, A., Jadach, B., Tatarek, A., Gadziński, P., Falana, A., et al. (2021) Recent Advances in Polymer-Based Vaginal Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics, 13, Article 884.
https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13060884
[24]  Forbes, C.J., Lowry, D., Geer, L., Veazey, R.S., Shattock, R.J., Klasse, P.J., et al. (2011) Non-Aqueous Silicone Elastomer Gels as a Vaginal Microbicide Delivery System for the HIV-1 Entry Inhibitor Maraviroc. Journal of Controlled Release, 156, 161-169.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.08.006
[25]  Lin, Y., Chen, W., Cheng, C. and Shen, C. (2021) Vaginal Ph Value for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Vaginitis. Diagnostics, 11, Article 1996.
https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11111996
[26]  Saraf, V.S., Sheikh, S.A., Ahmad, A., Gillevet, P.M., Bokhari, H. and Javed, S. (2021) Vaginal microbiome: normalcy vs dysbiosis. Archives of Microbiology, 203, 3793-3802.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-021-02414-3
[27]  Farage, M. and Maibach, H. (2005) Lifetime Changes in the Vulva and Vagina. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 273, 195-202.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-005-0079-x
[28]  Godha, K., Tucker, K.M., Biehl, C., Archer, D.F. and Mirkin, S. (2017) Human Vaginal pH and Microbiota: An Update. Gynecological Endocrinology, 34, 451-455.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2017.1407753

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133