期望理论视角下父母对青少年体育锻炼的激励管理
Incentive Management of Parents Towards Teenagers’ Physical Exercise from the Perspective of Expectancy Theory

如何实施青少年特殊群体的体质健康干预计划与实施青少年体育活动促进计划至今受到社会高度关注。研究运用文献资料法、访谈法、逻辑分析法，分析弗鲁姆期望理论并从父母的角度出发构建青少年体育锻炼激励期望模型。基于模型基础，从体育锻炼–体育成果、体育成果–父母奖励、父母奖励–个人目标三个关系分析父母对青少年体育锻炼激励管理存在的问题及原因。针对存在问题，提出多元化体育成果设计、关注过程性导向激励、设计可持续激励机制、提升自我与优化评价四个方面的建议，优化父母对青少年体育锻炼的激励管理。
How to implement physical health intervention plans for special groups of teenagers and promote sports activities among teenagers has been highly concerned by society. This study uses the methods of literature review, interviews, and logical analysis to analyze Vroom’s Expectancy Theory and construct an incentive expectation model for teenagers’ physical exercise from the perspective of parents. Based on this model, the problems and causes in parents’ management of teenagers’ physical exercise incentives are analyzed from three relationships: physical exercise—sports achievements, sports achievements—parents’ rewards, and parents’ rewards—personal goals. In response to the existing problems, four suggestions are proposed: diversified sports achievement design, focus on process-oriented incentives, design sustainable incentive mechanisms, enhance self-awareness, and optimize evaluation to optimize parents’ management of teenagers’ physical exercise incentives.