琉球官话课本中的“替”字平比句探赜
On the “Ti (替)” Equal Comparative Sentences in the Ryukyu Mandarin Textbook

通过对琉球官话课本的语料分析，发现其在平比句表达使用特殊的能通表与事范畴的介词“替”，这与同时期的其他官话文献有很大不同。采用共时比较与历时分析相结合的方法，进一步窥探近代汉语的介词特点，研究发现“替”字平比句生成主要是受到语法化类推的影响，在现代汉语中“替”表平比的用法已经消失，但在部分南方方言中仍有该用法的遗存。“替”字平比句不仅展现了琉球官话课本的语法特色，对近代汉语向现代汉语过渡的研究也具有重大意义。
Through the corpus analysis of Ryukyu Mandarin textbooks, it is found that they use a special preposition “Ti”, which is very different from other Mandarin literature of the same period. This article uses a combination of synchronic comparison and diachronic analysis to further explore the characteristics of prepositions in modern Chinese. The study found that the generation of sentences with the word “Ti” was mainly influenced by grammatical analogy. In modern Chinese, the use of “Ti” to indicate comparison has disappeared, but it still exists in some southern dialects. It shows the grammatical features of Ryukyu Mandarin textbooks and is of great significance to the study of the transition from modern Chinese to modern Chinese.