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困在屏幕里的乡村少年：网络成瘾的根源与破解之道
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Abstract:
互联网在农村普及加剧了青少年网络成瘾问题，主要表现为沉迷网游和虚拟社交。在城乡发展差异的背景下，留守家庭情感关怀缺失、教育支持不足，加上青少年心理脆弱性，共同推动其通过虚拟世界寻求情感补偿和身份认同。研究发现，农村青少年过度娱乐化使用网络导致认知能力下降、现实社交技能弱化及价值观扭曲等问题。其成因涉及三个方面：青少年自控力差与情绪敏感，隔代抚养家庭缺乏数字监管能力，农村文体资源匮乏与同伴从众压力。并在此基础上提出构建多元治理体系：家庭加强情感陪伴与规则教育，学校开展数字素养与实践课程，政府联合平台实施技术管控并优化网络内容，最终通过丰富现实生活与提升心理抗逆力，引导青少年健康发展。
The widespread adoption of the internet in rural areas has exacerbated adolescent internet addiction, primarily manifested as excessive engagement in online gaming and virtual socialization. Under the backdrop of urban-rural development disparities, the lack of emotional care in left-behind families, insufficient educational support, and adolescents’ psychological vulnerability collectively drive their reliance on virtual worlds for emotional compensation and identity formation. Research indicates that rural adolescents’ entertainment-oriented internet use leads to cognitive decline, weakened real-world social skills, and distorted values. Contributing factors involve three dimensions: adolescents’ low self-control and emotional sensitivity, grandparent-headed households’ inadequate digital supervision capacity, and rural communities’ scarcity of cultural-recreational resources coupled with peer conformity pressures. To address these challenges, a multi-stakeholder governance framework is proposed: families should enhance emotional support and rule-based guidance, schools should implement digital literacy education and practical curricula, while governments and online platforms must collaborate to enforce technical controls and optimize digital content. Ultimately, enriching real-life experiences and fostering psychological resilience will facilitate a fundamental shift from virtual dependency to healthy adolescent development.
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