The study examined the CO2 emission fluctuations of Vietnam’s agricultural sector from 2005 to 2021. By decoupling between carbon emissions and economic growth, the study shows that Vietnam’s agricultural sector experiences four decoupling states: strong decoupling, weak decoupling, expansive negative decoupling, and expansive coupling. Typically, strong decoupling occurred in the period 2009-2014, and 2019-2020, which are considered the best decoupling states where continued growth in the economy is accompanied by a further contraction in CO2 emissions. The negative decoupling expanded in the period 2014-2017 where the growth rate of CO2 emissions was many times higher than economic growth. The LMDI technique has been used to analyze the factors behind the changes in CO2 emissions of the agricultural sector. The results indicated that depending on the period, the labor effect, income effect, carbon intensity effect, and energy intensity effect are the main causes of the increase or decrease in CO2 emissions of the agricultural sector. Overall, income effect and energy intensity effect was the main cause of the increase in CO2 emissions of the agricultural sector in this period.
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