云南省排污权交易试点的挑战与对策研究
Research on Challenges and Countermeasures of the Emissions Trading Pilot Work in Yunnan Province

作为环境治理现代化的重要抓手，排污权交易通过市场化机制优化环境资源配置。本文以云南省为研究对象，揭示其制度创新价值与实践困境：已构建覆盖4类污染物的总量控制体系，累计完成交易4.6亿元，但存在顶层政策设计不足、制度衔接薄弱及市场流动性缺失等深层矛盾。提出“制度–市场–技术协同路径”，明确排污权交易制度深化改革方向、不断健全制度规范及责任体系等对策建议，以期为优化排放交易机制、平衡环境治理效能与经济可持续性提供了可复制的制度创新模式。
As a crucial instrument for modernizing environmental governance, emissions trading optimizes environmental resource allocation through market mechanisms. This study examines Yunnan Province’s institutional innovations and practical challenges in pioneering emissions trading: having established a total emission control system covering four pollutants with cumulative transactions reaching 460 million CNY, it reveals structural contradictions including insufficient top-level policy design, weak institutional coordination, and inadequate market liquidity. The proposed “institution-market-technology synergy framework” delineates reform directions for deepening emission rights trading mechanisms, emphasizing the enhancement of institutional norms and accountability systems. These recommendations aim to provide replicable institutional innovation models for optimizing emission trading mechanisms nationwide, achieving synergy between environmental governance efficacy and economic sustainability.