基于社会交换理论的在校实习生请假焦虑：心理机制、成因剖析与应对策略
Leave Anxiety of School Interns Based on Social Exchange Theory: Psychological Mechanisms, Causal Analysis and Coping Strategies

当代职场环境下，请假焦虑已逐渐成为困扰在校实习生的重要心理问题。相较于正式员工，实习生因其特殊身份，在请假时面临更为复杂的心理挣扎，心理负担更为沉重。基于社会交换理论，深入剖析在校实习生请假焦虑的心理机制，构建包含资源交换失衡、互惠压力和公平性感知三个核心维度的模型，揭示实习生请假焦虑的成因、表现及影响。研究发现，资源交换失衡、互惠压力和公平性感知缺失均是导致实习生请假焦虑的关键因素。针对这些问题，提出增强实习生的心理韧性、制定透明合理的请假制度、建立多方位的支持体系、倡导健康休假的职场文化等缓解策略。旨在为改善实习生职场体验、促进其心理健康发展提供理论支持与实践指导。
In the contemporary workplace environment, leave anxiety has gradually become an important psychological problem for school interns. Compared with regular employees, interns face more complicated psychological struggles and heavier psychological burdens when taking leave due to their special status. Based on the social exchange theory, we analyze the psychological mechanism of leave anxiety among interns, and construct a model with three core dimensions, namely, resource exchange imbalance, reciprocity pressure, and fairness perception, to reveal the causes, manifestations, and impacts of interns’ leave anxiety. The study found that resource exchange imbalance, reciprocity pressure and lack of fairness perception are the key factors leading to interns’ leave anxiety. To address these issues, mitigation strategies such as increasing interns’ psychological resilience, developing a transparent and reasonable leave system, establishing a multi-faceted support system, and advocating a workplace culture of healthy vacations are proposed. The aim is to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for improving interns’ workplace experience and promoting their psychological health development.