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厨余沼渣与物流垃圾混合燃烧特性研究
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Abstract:
厌氧消化是厨余垃圾处置的有效方法，但面临沼渣消纳不畅的问题，目前主要以掺烧为主。沼渣含水率高、灰分高、热值低，易出现燃烧不稳定及结焦结渣问题。快递服务业的快速发展产生大量纸板和聚乙烯等快递物流垃圾，回收价值低，但热值高。因此，厨余沼渣与快递物流垃圾混合燃烧是实现其能源化利用的重要方式。采用热重分析仪研究了沼渣和物流垃圾的混合燃烧特性和燃烧动力学。结果表明：添加纸板和聚乙烯可以改善沼渣燃烧特性，综合燃烧指数(CCI)是沼渣单独燃烧的8.3倍。纸板还能提高燃烧稳定指数Csi，纸板添加比为30%时，Csi是沼渣单独燃烧的7.75倍，聚乙烯添加比超过20%会导致燃尽温度提高约30℃。动力学计算表明，沼渣和纸板能降低挥发分燃烧活化能，而聚乙烯则提高了反应指前因子，加速反应进行。沼渣、纸板和聚乙烯混合燃烧可以获得较好的燃烧特性，可为城市有机固废协同处置提供理论参考。
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is an effective method for treating food waste; however, the disposal of digestate remains a challenge, with co-combustion being the primary approach. Digestate has a high moisture content, high ash content, and low calorific value, making combustion unstable and prone to slagging and fouling. The rapid development of the express delivery industry has generated a large amount of low-value but high-calorific waste logistics packaging, primarily comprising cardboard (CB) and polyethylene (PE). The co-combustion of AD with waste logistics packaging holds significant potential as an efficient energy recovery strategy. In this study, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was employed to investigate the co-combustion characteristics, combustion kinetics. The results showed that adding CB and PE improved the combustion performance of digestate, with the comprehensive combustion index (CCI) being 8.3 times higher than that of digestate alone. CB also enhanced the combustion stability index (Csi), and at a 30% cardboard addition, Csi was 7.75 times higher than that of digestate alone. However, when the polyethylene ratio exceeded 20%, the burnout temperature increased by approximately 30？C. Kinetic calculations revealed that digestate and cardboard reduced the activation energy of volatile matter combustion, while polyethylene increased the pre-exponential factor, accelerating the reaction. The blends of AD, CB, and PE have good combustion characteristics, this research providing reference for the collaborative disposal of food wastes-derived anerobic digestates and waste logistics packaging.
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