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黄喉拟水龟幼龟对温度驯化的热生理生化响应
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Abstract:
温度是自然界中重要的生态因子，对生物的行为表现、生理生化反应等生命活动都会产生重要的影响。动物可通过温度驯化调整自身行为表现和生理生化反应以应对外界环境温度的影响，然而目前关于温度驯化对外温动物的影响还存在争议。黄喉拟水龟(Mauremys mutica)是中国重要的淡水养殖龟类，本研究以黄喉拟水龟为实验对象，将二龄幼龟置于24℃、28℃和32℃中驯化30天，测定温度驯化对其生长、热耐受性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力和丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响。结果显示：驯化温度显著影响幼龟生长率、耐受低温(CTMin)和耐受高温(CTMax)，幼龟体重、背甲长、背甲宽、CTMin和CTMax随着驯化温度的升高而增大；耐受温度范围随着驯化温度升高呈现下降趋势，但驯化温度不影响耐受温度范围。驯化温度显著影响心肌组织的SOD活力，对骨骼肌和肝脏无显著影响；驯化温度显著影响骨骼肌中MDA含量，对心肌和肝脏组织无显著影响。温度驯化会影响黄喉拟水龟幼龟的生长和耐受温度，在一定的温度范围内符合热有益假说(Warmer is Better Hypothesis)，同时会影响机体的抗氧化能力。
Temperature is a key ecological factor in nature, significantly influencing an organism’s behavior, physiological processes, and biochemical activities. Animals adjust their behaviors and physiological responses through thermal acclimation to cope with environmental temperature variations. However, the effects of thermal acclimation on ectotherms remain contentious. In this study, two-year-old juvenile Mauremys mutica were used as experimental subjects. They were acclimated to temperatures of 24？C, 28？C, and 32？C for 30 days to systematically evaluate the effects of thermal acclimation on growth, thermal tolerance, and antioxidative parameters. The results demonstrated that acclimation temperature significantly influenced growth rate, critical thermal minimum (CTMin), and critical thermal maximum (CTMax). Body mass, carapace length, carapace width, CTMin, and CTMax increased with rising acclimation temperatures. Although the thermal tolerance range narrowed at higher temperatures, no significant differences were observed in the range itself. Acclimation temperature markedly affected SOD activity in cardiac tissue, while no significant changes were noted in skeletal muscle or liver. Similarly, MDA content was significantly altered in skeletal muscle but remained unaffected in cardiac and liver tissues. Thermal acclimation affects the growth and thermal tolerance of juvenile M. mutica, aligning with the “Warmer is Better Hypothesis” within a specific temperature range. It also alters the organism’s antioxidative capacity, highlighting the physiological trade-offs associated with temperature adaptation.
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