农村集市商贩的弹性合作行为研究
A Study of Resilient Cooperative Behavior of Rural Market Vendors

作为乡土社会的重要经济空间，农村集市通过经营主体间复杂的非正式合作机制维系着独特的交易秩序。文章基于参与观察与深度访谈，聚焦商贩群体的互动实践，揭示其通过时空错位的互惠策略构建的复合型合作网络。研究发现，集市经营主体发展呈现出多维度的互助网络：通过“占位–守护”的空间交换、缺货时的客源导流、日常经营的实物馈赠以及行情信息分享等，摊贩间构建了弹性关系网络。摊贩们基于乡土伦理形成“非对称回报”机制，以低成本物质投入换取未来收益期权，通过重复博弈积累信用资产，最终实现经济目标与社会关系的动态平衡。农村集市中通过人情伦理与经济理性的交融自发形成的合作秩序，为理解农村非正式经济组织的韧性提供新视角，也为优化集市治理提供了实践启示。
As an important economic space in the vernacular society, the rural bazaar maintains a unique trading order through the complex informal cooperation mechanism among business subjects. Based on participant observation and in-depth interviews, this paper focuses on the interactive practices of the trader groups and reveals the complex cooperative networks constructed through the reciprocal strategies of temporal and spatial dislocation. The study finds that the development of marketplace business entities presents a multidimensional mutual support network: through the spatial exchange of “occupying and guarding”, the diversion of customers when there is a shortage of goods, the gift of goods for daily business, and the sharing of market information, the vendors have built a flexible network of relationships among themselves. Based on local ethics, the vendors form the mechanism of “asymmetric return”, exchanging low-cost material inputs for options on future returns, accumulating credit assets through repeated games, and ultimately realizing a dynamic balance between economic goals and social relations. The cooperative order spontaneously formed in the rural bazaar through the intermingling of human ethics and economic rationality provides a new perspective for understanding the resilience of informal economic organizations in rural areas, and also provides practical insights for optimizing the governance of the bazaar.