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工厂化水稻旱地育秧灌水量及气象影响因子分析
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Abstract:
为探究工厂化水稻旱地育秧的灌水特征及主要气象影响因子，通过开展早、中、晚稻工厂化育秧灌溉试验，对气象因子进行相关分析和主成分分析。结果表明，早、中、晚稻育秧灌水量不断增大，分别是11.3 m3/亩、16.8 m3/亩和51.6 m3/亩；灌水量与最高气温、最低气温、平均气温、日照时数、风速、蒸发、平均风速呈极显著正相关，与平均相对湿度、降雨呈极显著负相关；灌水量的主要影响因素依次为平均气温、最高气温、最低气温、蒸发、平均相对湿度、日照时数、降水、平均风速，但平均气温与最高气温、最低气温、蒸发、平均相对湿度、日照时数存在较强的共线性，通过建立生育期灌水量与平均温度的线性回归方程，得出经验系数a和b分别为0.2366和？4.469，R方为0.8836，说明各生育期灌水量与平均气温存在强正线性关系，平均气温能够较好地反映各生育期的灌水量，为估算灌溉水量提供了参考工具。
In order to explore the irrigation characteristics of industrialized rice dryland seedling-raising and its main meteorological influencing factors, correlation analysis and principal component analysis of meteorological factors were carried out through irrigation experiments on early-season, middle-season and late-season rice in industrialized seedling-raising. The results showed that the irrigation water volume for early-season, middle-season and late-season rice seedling-raising increased successively, reaching 11.3 m3/mu, 16.8 m3/mu and 51.6 m3/mu, respectively. The irrigation water volume was extremely significantly positively correlated with the maximum temperature, minimum temperature, average temperature, sunshine hours, wind speed, evaporation and average wind speed, and extremely significantly negatively correlated with the average relative humidity and rainfall. The main influencing factors of the irrigation water volume were, in order, the average temperature, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, evaporation, average relative humidity, sunshine hours, precipitation and average wind speed. However, there was a strong collinearity between the average temperature and the maximum temperature, minimum temperature, evaporation, average relative humidity and sunshine hours. By establishing a linear regression equation between the irrigation water volume during the growth period and the average temperature, the empirical coefficients a and b were obtained as 0.2366 and ？4.469, respectively, with an R-squared value of 0.8836. This indicates that there is a strong positive linear relationship between the irrigation water volume in each growth period and the average temperature. The average temperature can better reflect the irrigation water volume in each growth period, providing a reference tool for estimating irrigation water volume.
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