马兰庄铁尾矿地球化学特征及其应用
Geochemical Characteristics and Application of Iron Tailings in Malan Village

铁尾矿砂作为铁矿石加工和冶炼过程中产生的废弃物，含有大量的硅酸盐矿物和其它有益成分，铁尾矿砂的资源化利用在环境保护和资源循环利用方面具有重要意义。本文以马兰庄铁尾矿砂作为研究对象，通过岩石学、地球化学等分析方法，结合模拟实验，对铁尾矿砂在土壤改良方面的应用进行了探讨。结果表明：铁尾矿砂碎屑成分主要由石英、黑云母、辉石、角闪石，其次为磁铁矿及少量斜长石。矿物中含量有丰富的钾、钠、镁、铁、钙等金属元素以及微量元素，对土壤改良具有提高肥力的作用。铁尾矿砂粒度分布适中，粒径大于0.25 mm的颗粒添加到土壤中能够起到很好的支撑作用，增强土壤的透气性和透水性。模拟实验中铁尾矿砂元素析出受pH值影响显著，对植物生长有益组分析出含量比较高。稀土元素表现为轻稀土亏损、重稀土富集。将铁尾矿与生物炭、腐殖质等混合使用，可以有效改善土壤结构，提升土壤的肥力，具有较好的应用价值和经济效益。
As a waste generated in the process of iron ore processing and smelting, iron tailings contains a large number of silicate minerals and other beneficial components, and the resource utilization of iron tailings is of great significance in environmental protection and resource recycling. In this paper, the application of iron tailings in soil improvement was discussed through petrology, geochemistry and other analytical methods, combined with simulation experiments. The results show that the detrital composition of iron tailings is mainly composed of quartz, biotite, pyroxene and hornblende, followed by magnetite and a small amount of plagioclase. The minerals are rich in potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, calcium and other metal elements and trace elements, which have the effect of improving fertility in soil improvement. The particle size distribution of iron tailings sand is moderate, and the particles with a particle size greater than 0.25 mm can play a good supporting role when added to the soil, and enhance the air permeability and water permeability of the soil. In the simulation experiment, the precipitation of iron tailings sand was significantly affected by the pH value, and the content of the beneficial group for plant growth was relatively high. Rare earth elements are light rare earth losses and heavy rare earth enrichment. The mixing of iron tailings with biochar and humus can effectively improve the soil structure and enhance the fertility of the soil, which has good application value and economic benefits.