库尔勒干旱区水文地质特征与地下水开发利用探讨
Discussion on Hydrogeological Characteristics and Groundwater Development and Utilization in Korla Arid Area

基于水文地质勘查成果，文章对新疆库尔勒干旱区地下水类型、富水性特征、水化学类型、补径排特征及地下水动态等水文地质条件进行了系统分析，研究结果表明：地下水类型主要为松散岩类孔隙水、基岩裂隙水和碳酸盐岩溶隙水；地下水主要接受大气降雨、冰雪融水及山前侧向径流的补给，顺地势由北东向南西径流，于西尼尔水库或人工开采方式排出地表；地下水水化学类型主要以Cl·SO₄-Na型为主，其次为SO₄·Cl-Na型，通过地下水数值模拟分析，地下水位整体处于下降趋势。文章从地下水开发、地表水–地下水联合调度、地下水保护及地下水监测等方面探讨了地下水资源可持续开发利用。研究成果可支撑研究区工程建设，对合理开发利用与保护地下水资源具有重要的意义，通过科学的水资源管理和生态保护措施，实现经济与生态的协调发展。
Based on the results of hydrogeological exploration, this paper systematically analyzes the hydrogeological conditions such as groundwater types, water abundance characteristics, hydrochemical types, recharge and discharge characteristics and groundwater dynamics in Korla arid area, Xinjiang. The results show that the groundwater types are mainly loose rock pore water, bedrock fissure water and carbonate karst fissure water; The groundwater is mainly recharged by atmospheric rainfall, ice melt water and lateral runoff in front of the mountain. It flows from northeast to southwest along the terrain and is discharged to the surface in the Xinier Reservoir or by manual mining; The hydrochemical type of groundwater is mainly Cl·SO₄-Na type, followed by SO₄·Cl-Na type. Through groundwater numerical simulation analysis, the groundwater level is in a downward trend as a whole. This paper discusses the sustainable development and utilization of groundwater resources from the aspects of groundwater development, surface water groundwater joint operation, groundwater protection and groundwater monitoring. The research results can support the engineering construction in the study area and have important significance for the rational development, utilization and protection of groundwater resources. Through scientific water resources management and ecological protection measures, the coordinated development of economy and ecology can be achieved.