攀枝花保安营机场2014~2024年降水特征分析
Analysis of Precipitation Characteristics at Panzhihua Baoanying Airport from 2014 to 2024

本文利用攀枝花保安营机场(以下简称攀枝花机场)2014~2024年自动观测站逐日降水数据，采用线性回归分析法、Mann-Kendall突变检验分析等方法，对降水特征和强降水特征进行探讨分析。结果表明，攀枝花机场2014~2024年的年平均降水量达到803.2 mm。最大值年是2017年，降水量为1025.2 mm，最小值年是2023年，降水量为491.2 mm，整体呈现下降趋势，降水量月分布呈单峰值特征，峰值位于7月，干季和雨季分明显著，雨季降水量的多少决定了全年降水量的多少。年平均强降水量为330.2 mm，强降水的年平均贡献率为39%，两者均呈现下降趋势，在2019年攀枝花机场的年降水量和年强降水量均出现了突变现象。
In this paper, daily precipitation data from automatic observation station of Baoanying Airport in Panzhihua (hereinafter referred to as Panzhihua Airport) from 2014 to 2024 were used to discuss and analyze the characteristics of precipitation and heavy precipitation by linear regression analysis and Mann-Kendall mutation test. The results show that the average annual precipitation of Panzhihua Airport from 2014 to 2024 reaches 803.2 mm. The maximum year is 2017, with precipitation of 1025.2 mm, and the minimum year is 2023, with precipitation of 491.2 mm, showing a downward trend as a whole. The monthly distribution of precipitation is characterized by a single peak, and the peak is located in July. The dry season and the rainy season are distinct, and the amount of precipitation in the rainy season determines the amount of annual precipitation. The average annual heavy precipitation was 330.2 mm, and the average annual contribution rate of heavy precipitation was 39%, both of which showed a downward trend. In 2019, both the annual precipitation and the annual heavy precipitation of Panzhihua Airport showed a sudden change.