Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease of global public health concern, caused by blood flukes of the genus Schistosoma. It is particularly prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, where it poses significant challenges to healthcare systems. This narrative review examines the epidemiological and entomological dimensions of schistosomiasis in Saudi Arabia, focusing on historical records, control measures, and current disease prevalence. The role of freshwater snails as intermediate hosts and the influence of environmental factors on transmission dynamics are also explored. Despite the implementation of effective control programs, persistent cases in certain regions underscore the necessity for ongoing surveillance and integrated health strategies. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of schistosomiasis in Saudi Arabia, offering valuable insights for future research and policy formulation.
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