论我国公司法定代表人越权担保中相对人“非善意”的法律规制
On the Legal Regulation of “Non-Bona Fides” in the Ultra Vires Guarantee of the Company’s Legal Representative in China

在对我国公司法定代表人越权担保效力问题立法和司法现状进行分析的基础上，我国公司法定代表人越权担保效力规则应当作出相应的调整和完善，具体来说，当公司法定代表人违反《中华人民共和国公司法》第15条的规定代表公司实施担保时，若相对人善意，则担保合同有效，若相对人非善意，则担保合同效力视公司是否追认而定；其中，判断“善意”所依照的是合理审查标准，相对人只有在对公司决议就其表决程序、签字人员、担保数额等内容进行了合理审查时才能够被认定为“善意”；如果公司未对其法定代表人越权担保行为予以追认，那么担保合同就不会对公司发生效力，此时，公司既不承担保证责任也不承担赔偿责任，而相对人的损失，则由相对人和法定代表人根据过错程度进行分担。
Based on the analysis of the legislative and judicial status of the problem of the Ultra Vires Guarantee of the Company’s Legal Representative in China, the rules of the Ultra Vires Guarantee of the Company’s Legal Representative in China should be adjusted and improved. When the legal representative of the company violates the provisions of Article 16 of Company Law of the People’s Republic of China to implement the guarantee on behalf of the company, if the counterpart is in good faith, the guarantee contract will be effective, but if the counterpart is not in good faith, then the validity of the guarantee contract depends on whether the company has ratified or not. And the judgment of “good faith” is based on the reasonable review standard, and only the counterpart has reviewed the voting procedure, the signatory, the amount of guarantee and other contents reasonably can be recognized as “good faith”. If the company does not ratify the ultra vires guarantee behavior of its legal representative, the guarantee contract will not have legal effect on the company. At this time, the company will neither assume the guarantee liability nor the liability for compensation, as for the losses of the counterpart, the counterpart and the company’s legal representative will share according to the degree of fault.