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Mine Engineering 2025
蓄能压裂技术在低渗透油藏开发中的应用与优化研究
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Abstract:
随着易于开采的油藏储量减少，低渗透油藏开发成为了油气资源开采的重要方向。然而，在低渗透油藏中，由于渗透率较低和原油流动阻力较大，传统的压裂技术存在压后地层能量降低快和产量递减迅速等问题。作为一种新型压裂方式，蓄能压裂技术通过向地层注入大量蓄能流体来补充地层能量，从而有效提升低渗透油藏的采收效率。本文系统介绍了蓄能压裂技术的机理、影响因素及应用现状，重点分析了蓄能介质、蓄能液用量和焖井时间对压裂效果的影响，探讨了该技术在提高油层采收率和老油田增产改造中的应用效果。研究表明，蓄能压裂技术能够显著提升低渗透油藏的开发效率，为油气资源的有效利用提供了新的技术途径。
With the depletion of easily recoverable oil reserves, the development of low-permeability reservoirs has become a crucial direction for oil and gas resource extraction. However, in low-permeability reservoirs, traditional fracturing technologies face challenges such as rapid post-fracturing energy depletion and swift production decline due to low permeability and high crude oil flow resistance. As an innovative fracturing method, energy-storage fracturing technology addresses these issues by injecting substantial volumes of energy-storage fluids into the formation to replenish formation energy, thereby significantly enhancing the recovery efficiency of low-permeability reservoirs. This paper systematically elucidates the mechanisms, influencing factors, and current applications of energy-storage fracturing technology, with a particular focus on analyzing the impacts of energy-storage media, fluid volume, and well soaking time on fracturing effectiveness. It also explores the application outcomes of this technology in improving oil recovery rates and enhancing production in mature oilfields. Research indicates that energy-storage fracturing technology can markedly improve the development efficiency of low-permeability reservoirs, offering a novel technical pathway for the effective utilization of oil and gas resources.
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