高等教育驱动人工智能发展——基于区域创新技术的实证研究
Higher Education Drives the Development of Artificial Intelligence—An Empirical Study Based on Regional Innovative Technologies

人工智能作为前沿科技的重要代表之一，在我国科技创新发展中具有重要作用，对研究高等教育与人工智能之间的关系有助于优化高等教育针对性发展和资源配置，并赋能人工智能高速发展。本文基于2012~2022我国各省级行政区面板数据实证探究高等教育对人工智能发展的影响效应、作用机制和异质性特征。由实证结果可得，高等教育发展对人工智能发展具有显著的正向作用，高等教育能够通过促进区域创新能力的提升进而促进教育的发展。异质性检验结果发现中部地区高等教育发展水平促进人工智能发展最优，非沿海地区的高等教育发展水平对人工智能发展促进优于沿海地区，可能是因为中部地区的地理位置能够促进资源和技术的配置，能够快速将技术知识层面转向技术应用层面，大大促进人工智能的高速发展。目前高校人工智能教育面临教育体系不完善、高校人工智能基础薄弱、高校人才供需结构不平衡等问题，未来我国应优化培养模式，探索关于人工智能的人才培养模式，缩短培养周期、实施产教融合、进行产业和高校共同培养等举措，加快搭上人工智能高速发展列车。
Artificial intelligence, as one of the important representatives of cutting-edge science and technology, in our country in the development of scientific and technological innovation has an important role. The study of the relationship between higher education and artificial intelligence helps to optimise the targeted development of higher education and resource allocation, and empowers the high-speed development of artificial intelligence. This paper empirically explores the effect of higher education on the development of artificial intelligence, its mechanism and heterogeneity characteristics based on the panel data of provincial administrative regions in China from 2012 to 2022. From the empirical results, it can be concluded that higher education development has a significant positive effect on the development of AI, and higher education can promote the development of education by promoting the enhancement of regional innovation capacity. Heterogeneity test results in the central region of the level of higher education development to promote the development of artificial intelligence are optimal, the level of higher education development in non-coastal areas to promote the development of artificial intelligence is better than the coastal areas, which may be due to the geographic location of the central region can promote the allocation of resources and technology, can quickly shift the level of technical knowledge to the level of technological applications, and can greatly promote the high-speed development of artificial intelligence. At present, artificial intelligence education in colleges and universities is facing problems such as imperfect education system, weak foundation of artificial intelligence in colleges and universities, and imbalance in the structure of supply and demand of talents in colleges and universities, etc. In the future, China should optimise the cultivation mode, explore the talent cultivation mode about artificial intelligence, shorten the cultivation cycle, implement the integration of production