Problems with the Tokamak
—Challenges, Issues, and Solutions in Fusion Research

A new effect has been added to explain the disruption of the Tokamak which involves the creation of a mini black hole by the hot electrons within the plasma of the Tokamak. The problem arises because of the high density and high temperature requirements for fusion since the current magnetic fields are not strong enough to confine the hot electrons, but the use of superconducting magnets could mitigate this problem. In the sun, the confinement is provided by gravity. Since White Dwarf Stars are supported by electron degeneracy pressure and not by gravity, they too give rise to these smaller sized black holes before destroying themselves.