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中医药治疗膝骨关节炎的研究现状
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Abstract:
膝骨关节炎(Knee Osteoarthritis, KOA)是一种由于关节软骨退变引起的慢性退行性关节疾病，临床上常表现为关节疼痛、肿胀、僵硬、活动受限等功能障碍，严重影响患者的生活质量。流行病学调查显示，全球60岁以上人群发病率高达50%。目前西药治疗KOA多以非甾体抗炎药(NSAIDs)为主，可在一定程度上缓解疼痛等临床症状，但长期使用可能导致胃肠道损伤、心血管风险增加以及肝肾功能损害等一系列不良反应。近年来，中医药以其整体观念、辨证论治等特点，在KOA的治疗中展现出独特优势。文章通过系统总结近年来中医药治疗KOA的基础研究和临床实践进展，深入探讨其作用机制和疗效特点，旨在为临床合理应用中医药治疗KOA提供科学依据和诊疗思路，促进中医药事业的蓬勃发展。
Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease caused by degeneration of articular cartilage, which is often clinically manifested by joint pain, stiffness, limited mobility, and dysfunction, which seriously affects patients’ quality of life. Epidemiological surveys show that the global prevalence of people over 60 years old is as high as 50%. Western medicine treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee is mostly based on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which can alleviate pain and other clinical symptoms to a certain extent, but long-term use may lead to gastrointestinal damage, increased cardiovascular risk, and a series of adverse reactions, such as damage to liver and kidney function. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), with its holistic concept and evidence-based treatment, has demonstrated unique advantages in the treatment of KOA. This paper summarizes the progress of basic research and clinical practice of TCM in the treatment of KOA in recent years and discusses its mechanism of action and therapeutic characteristics in-depth, with the aim of providing the scientific basis and diagnostic and therapeutic ideas for the rational application of TCM in the treatment of KOA in the clinic, so as to promote the vigorous development of the cause of traditional Chinese medicine.
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