Botswana’s banking industry is being reshaped by the fast growth of digital technology with financial institutions using mobile banking, artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, and fintech partnerships to improve efficiency, customer experience, and financial inclusion. Using secondary data from academic literature, government publications, and case studies of significant banks—including FNB Botswana, Absa Botswana, Stanbic Bank Botswana, and Bank Gaborone—this study investigates how digital transformation affects banking strategy in Botswana. Grounded on the Resource-Based View (RBV) and Dynamic Capability Theory (DCT), the research investigates how banks use digital assets and constantly change with regard to technology and regulations. Results point to blockchain-based transactions, digital lending platforms, and AI-driven fraud detection enhancing financial service delivery. Key issues still exist, however, including cybersecurity concerns, regulatory loopholes, poor financial literacy, and little presence of rural banks. Comparative analysis of Kenya, Nigeria, and South Africa’s best practices—clear fintech rules, open financial systems, and AI-enhanced fraud prevention—showcases what Botswana may learn. This study highlights the necessity of further empirical studies using primary data and helps to add to the little body of knowledge on digital banking in Botswana. To guarantee a safe, inclusive, and competitive digital banking environment in Botswana, it advises improving cybersecurity infrastructure, boosting regulatory clarity, supporting fintech alliances, and growing financial literacy campaigns.
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