新时代农村女儿养老的形成机制、现实困境及其解决措施
The Formation Mechanism, Realistic Dilemma and Solution of the Rural Daughter Pension in the New Era

女儿养老在农村地区已经成为普遍现象。家庭结构的简化和少子化使女儿成为农村家庭的重要成员，女儿为了回报父母的养育之恩主动赡养父母，女性社会地位的提高也使女儿有一定的话语权和决策权来决定参与养老实践，促使女儿承担起养老责任。然而，父母财产分配不公和传统养老观念引发的社会舆论均消磨着女儿参与养老实践的积极性，农村女性承担照顾家庭的重任并且自身经济能力较弱也限制了女儿养老。对此，应当制定相应政策与法律明确和保障女儿养老的义务与权利，推动现代化性别观念和养老观念在全社会的传播与弘扬，儿女之间也应当以父母安享晚年为目标，公平合理地制定养老规则，从而提升农村地区养老水平与质量。
Daughter aging care has become a common phenomenon in rural areas. The simplification of family structure and the reduction of children make daughters become important members of rural families. Daughters take the initiative to support their parents in order to report the kindness of their parents. The improvement of women’s social status also enables daughters to have a certain voice and decision-making power to decide to participate in the practice of old-age care, prompting daughters to assume the responsibility of old-age care. However, the unfair distribution of parents’ property and the public opinion caused by the traditional concept of old-age care have eroded daughters’ enthusiasm to participate in the practice of old-age care. Women’s responsibility to take care of the family and their weak economic ability also limit their daughters’ ability and time for old-age care. In this regard, corresponding policies and laws should be formulated to clarify and protect the obligations and rights of daughters to support the elderly, promote the dissemination and promotion of modern gender concepts and concepts of supporting the elderly in the whole society, and children should also aim at their parents to enjoy their old age and formulate pension rules fairly and reasonably, so as to improve the level and quality of supporting the elderly in rural areas.