我国主要城市空气质量情况分析
Analysis of Air Quality in Major Cities in China

近年来，随着我国城市化进程和工业化发展，我国空气质量每况愈下，逐渐受到政府和大众的关注。本文基于我国31个城市的7个空气质量指标，运用SPSS进行统计分析。首先用主成分分析对数据进行降维处理，通过累计方差解释率确定提取主成分的个数，进一步计算得到主成分系数和主成分得分，根据主成分得分对样本进行聚类，运用K均值聚类法将31个样本聚为3类，最后应用判别分析法验证分类效果。通过分类的结果总结不同类别的城市空气质量的特点和相似的原因并提出针对性的治理建议。
In recent years, with the development of urbanization and industrialization in China, the air quality in China has been deteriorating, which has gradually received the attention of the government and the public. This paper is based on seven air quality indicators from 31 cities in China, using SPSS for statistical analysis. The data were first downscaled using principal component analysis, The number of principal components extracted was determined by the cumulative percentage of explained variance, the principal component coefficients and principal component scores were further calculated, the samples were clustered according to the principal component scores, and the K-mean clustering method was applied to cluster the 31 samples into 3 categories, and finally the discriminant analysis was applied to verify the classification effect. The results of the classification are used to summarize the characteristics of different categories of urban air quality and the reasons for their similarity and to make targeted recommendations for their management.