Development of Beneficial-Microbial-Based Biofertilizers for Future Generation of Agriculture (Bio-Agriculture) and Their Global Health Impacts in Cameroon
Over decades, chemical fertilizers have been used to increase crop production and meet increasing demands. However, the overuse of these products is known to be harmful to humans, animals and environmental health. In addition to air and water pollution, they are also responsible for the depletion of minerals from the soil and global warming. Furthermore, their residues in farm and animal products are the cause of metabolic and endocrinological disorders leading to cancers, cardiovascular failures, reproductive complications, congenital malformations and more. In this work, we have developed three types of biofertilizers (LanaRhizo, Lana-MSP and LanaMyco) based on soil bacteria and fungi isolated in Bockle (Garoua). The aims of these findings include the reduction of harmful health effects caused by chemical fertilizers with the promotion of good health to the multi-sectorial global One Health sector. Biofertilizers which are made up of beneficial microorganisms are a viable alternative technology to increase food production without jeopardizing human and environmental health. Biofertilizers include all organisms which supply or make different nutrients available to plants (nitrogen fixers, phosphorus solubilizers and mycorrhiza). Results demonstrate significant improvements in soybean and maize growth parameters, yield, protein content, oil content (soybean), and total soluble sugar content (maize) with biofertilizer application. Furthermore, the study explores the impact of Lana-MSP on human health by assessing flavonoid biosynthesis and reduced glutathione (GSH) production in maize, showing significant increases compared to the control and NPK treatments. Biofertilizers are important to organic farming in that they are cost effective, completely environment friendly, and unharmful and they do not cause pollution but reduce Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emissions into the atmosphere. With the actual use of biofertilizers in applied agriculture, they could constitute a promising alternative to chemical fertilizers, offering benefits for future generations of agriculture and human health.
References
[1]
Vandaele, D., Amandine, L. and Benoit, F. (2010) Agriculture and Greenhouse Gas-Es: Current Situation and Perspectives. 72. https://abiodoc.docressources.fr/doc_num.php?explnum_id=6707
[2]
Alori, E.T. and Fawole, O.B. (2017) Microbial Inoculants-Assisted Phytoremediation for Sustainable Soil Management. In: Ansari, A., Gill, S., Gill, R., Lanza, G.R. and Newman, L., Eds., Phytoremediation, Springer International Publishing, 3-17. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52381-1_1
[3]
Gilchrist, M.J., Greko, C., Wallinga, D.B., Beran, G.W., Riley, D.G. and Thorne, P.S. (2007) The Potential Role of Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations in Infectious Disease Epidemics and Antibiotic Resistance. Environmental Health Perspectives, 115, 313-316. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8837
[4]
Alori, E.T. and Fawole, O.B. (2017) Impact of Chemical Inputs on Arbuscular My-Corrhiza Spores in Soil: Response of AM Spores to Fertilizer and Herbicides. Albanian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 16, 10-13.
[5]
Alori, E.T., Dare, M.O. and Babalola, O.O. (2017) Microbial Inoculants for Soil Quality and Plant Fitness. In: Lichtfouse, E., Ed., Sustainable Agriculture Review, Springer, 181-308.
[6]
Suyal, D.C., Soni, R., Sai, S. and Goel, R. (2016) Microbial Inoculants as Biofertilizer. In: Singh, D., Singh, H. and Prabha, R., Eds., Microbial Inoculants in Sustainable Agricultural Productivity, Springer, 311-318. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2647-5_18
[7]
Sayre, L. (2009) The Hidden Link between Factory Farms and Human Illness. Mother Earth News, Organic Consumers Association. https://www.motherearthnews.com/natural-health/health-hazards-factory-farms-zmaz09fmzraw/
[8]
Baker, B.P., Benbrook, C.M., Groth III, E. and Benbrook, K.L. (2002) Pesticide Residues in Conventional, Integrated Pest Management (IPM)-Grown and Organic Foods: Insights from Three US Data Sets. Food Additives and Contaminants, 19, 427-446. https://doi.org/10.1080/02652030110113799
[9]
Nwaga, D., Jansa, J., Angue, M.A. and Frossard, E. (2010) The Potential of Soil Beneficial Micro-Organisms for Slash-and-Burn Agriculture in the Humid Forest Zone of Sub-Saharan Africa. In: Dion, P., Ed., Soil Biology, Springer, 81-107. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-05076-3_5
[10]
Khalid, M., Hassani, D., Bilal, M., Asad, F. and Huang, D. (2017) Influence of Bio-Fertilizer Containing Beneficial Fungi and Rhizospheric Bacteria on Health Promoting Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Spinacia oleracea L. Botanical Studies, 58, Article No. 35. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40529-017-0189-3
[11]
Rodríguez-Morató, J., Xicota, L., Fitó, M., Farré, M., Dierssen, M. and De la Torre, R. (2015) Potential Role of Olive Oil Phenolic Compounds in the Prevention of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Molecules, 20, 4655-4680. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules20034655
[12]
Babalola, O.O. and Glick, B.R. (2012) The Use of Microbial Inoculants in African Agriculture: Current Practice and Future Prospects. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 10, 540-549.
[13]
Sarah-Symnaczik, Mader, P., Romano, I., Messmer, M. and Fuchs, J. (2022) 1240-Biofertilizers. Technical Sheet 2022. https://www.fibl.org/fileadmin/documents/shop/1240-Biofertilisants.pdf
[14]
Berruti, A., Lumini, E., Balestrini, R. and Bianciotto, V. (2016) Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi as Natural Biofertilizers: Let’s Benefit from Past Successes. Frontiers in Microbiology, 6, Article 01559. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01559
[15]
Khan, M.S., Zaidi, A., Ahemad, M., Oves, M. and Wani, P.A. (2010) Plant Growth Promotion by Phosphate Solubilizing Fungi-Current Perspective. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 56, 73-98. https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340902806469
[16]
Jilani, G., Akram, A., Ali, R.M., Hafeez, F.Y., Shamsi, I.H., Chaudhry, A.N., et al. (2007) Enhancing Crop Growth, Nutrients Availability, Economics and Beneficial Rhizosphere Microflora through Organic and Biofertilizers. Annals of Microbiology, 57, 177-184. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03175204
[17]
Yazdani, M., Bahmanyar, M.A., Pirdashti, H. and Esmaili, M.A. (2009) Effect of Phosphate Solubilization Microorganisms (PSM) and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on Yield and Yield Components of Corn (Zea mays L.). World Academy of Science Engineering and Technolology, 49, 90-92.
[18]
Bolan, N.S. (1991) A Critical Review on the Role of Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Uptake of Phosphorus by Plants. Plant and Soil, 134, 189-207. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00012037
[19]
Kumar, S., Reddy, G., Phogat, M. and Korav, S. (2018) Role of Biofertilizers towards Sustainable Agricultural Development: A Review. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 7, 1915-1921.
[20]
Poole, P., Ramachandran, V. and Terpolilli, J. (2018) Rhizobia: From Saprophytes to Endosymbionts. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 16, 291-303. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro.2017.171
[21]
Meng, L., Zhang, A., Wang, F., Han, X., Wang, D. and Li, S. (2015) Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Rhizobium Facilitate Nitrogen Uptake and Transfer in Soybean/Maize Intercropping System. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6, Article 339. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00339
[22]
Bargaz, A., Lyamlouli, K., Chtouki, M., Zeroual, Y. and Dhiba, D. (2018) Soil Microbial Resources for Improving Fertilizers Efficiency in an Integrated Plant Nutrient Management System. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9, Article 1606. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01606
[23]
Aamir, M., Rai, K.K., Zehra, A., Dubey, M.K., Kumar, S., Shukla, V., et al. (2020) Microbial Bioformulation-Based Plant Biostimulants: A Plausible Approach toward Next Generation of Sustainable Agriculture. In: Kumar, A. and Radhakrishnan, E.K., Eds., Microbial Endophytes, Elsevier, 195-225. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-819654-0.00008-9
[24]
Vishwakarma, K., Kumar, V., Tripathi, D.K. and Sharma, S. (2018) Characterization of Rhizobacterial Isolates from Brassica juncea for Multitrait Plant Growth Promotion and Their Viability Studies on Carriers. Environmental Sustainability, 1, 253-265. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42398-018-0026-y
[25]
Rihab, A., Ben Abdallah, M. and Ben Hamza, A. (2016) Installation of a Biofertilizer Production Unit. Master’s Thesis, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, 32.
[26]
Schenck, C. and Perez, Y. (1990) Manual for the Identification of VA Mycorrhizal Fungi. University of Florida Press, 241.
[27]
Hawaou, A., Sontsa-Donhoung, A., Bahdjolbe, M., Wade, A., Fokom., R. and Nwaga, D. (2024) Characterisation of Fungal Endophytes and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi from Different Soils of Cameroon to Increase Onion (Allium cepa L.) Productivity. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 17, 2319-2380.
[28]
Kormanik, P. and Mc Graw, A. (1982) Quantification of Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza in Plants Roots. In: Schenck, N.C., Ed., Methods and Principles of Mycorrhizal Research, Methods and Principles of Mycorrhiza in Plant Roots, American Phytopathological Society, 37-47.
[29]
Brundrett, M., Bougher, N., Dell, B., Grove, T. and Malajczuk, N. (1996) Working with Mycorrhizas in Forestry and Agriculture. ACIAR Monograph, 374.
[30]
Agyenim-Boateng, K.G., Zhang, S., Zhang, S., Khattak, A.N., Shaibu, A., Abdelghany, A.M., et al. (2022) The Nutritional Composition of the Vegetable Soybean (Maodou) and Its Potential in Combatting Malnutrition. Frontiers in Nutrition, 9, Article 1034115. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.1034115
[31]
Ellman, G.L. (1959) Tissue Sulfhydryl Groups. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 82, 70-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-9861(59)90090-6
[32]
Chang, C.-C., Yang, M.-H., Wen, H.-M. and Chern, J.-C. (2020) Estimation of Total Flavonoid Content in Propolis by Two Complementary Colometric Methods. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 10, Article 3. https://doi.org/10.38212/2224-6614.2748
[33]
Leggett, M., Diaz‐Zorita, M., Koivunen, M., Bowman, R., Pesek, R., Stevenson, C., et al. (2017) Soybean Response to Inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum in the United States and Argentina. Agronomy Journal, 109, 1031-1038. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2016.04.0214
[34]
Bahdjolbe, M., Sontsa-Donhoung, A., Abdouraman, H., Wade, A., Tobolbaï, R., Okiobe, S.T., et al. (2023) Isolation, Characterization, and Selection of Bacterial Endophytes from Soybean (Glycine max) Nodules and Roots in Some Soils of Cameroon for Promoting Growth of Forage Legume Plants. Microbiology Research Journal International, 33, 51-67. https://doi.org/10.9734/mrji/2023/v33i11-121417
[35]
Ding, Y., Wang, J., Liu, Y. and Chen, S. (2005) Isolation and Identification of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacilli from Plant Rhizospheres in Beijing Region. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 99, 1271-1281. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2005.02738.x
[36]
Hayat, R., Ali, S., Amara, U., Khalid, R. and Ahmed, I. (2010) Soil Beneficial Bacteria and Their Role in Plant Growth Promotion: A Review. Annals of Microbiology, 60, 579-598. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-010-0117-1
[37]
Kuan, K.B., Othman, R., Abdul Rahim, K. and Shamsuddin, Z.H. (2016) Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Inoculation to Enhance Vegetative Growth, Nitrogen Fixation and Nitrogen Remobilisation of Maize under Greenhouse Conditions. PLOS ONE, 11, e0152478. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0152478
[38]
Korir, H., Mungai, N.W., Thuita, M., Hamba, Y. and Masso, C. (2017) Co-Inoculation Effect of Rhizobia and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria on Common Bean Growth in a Low Phosphorus Soil. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, Article 141. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00141
[39]
Soumare, A., Diedhiou, A.G., Thuita, M., Hafidi, M., Ouhdouch, Y., Gopalakrishnan, S., et al. (2020) Exploiting Biological Nitrogen Fixation: A Route towards a Sustainable Agriculture. Plants, 9, Article 1011. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9081011
[40]
Ulzen, J., Abaidoo, R.C., Mensah, N.E., Masso, C. and AbdelGadir, A.H. (2016) Bradyrhizobium Inoculants Enhance Grain Yields of Soybean and Cowpea in Northern Ghana. Frontiers in Plant Science, 7, Article 1770. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.01770
[41]
Dabesa, A. and Tana, T. (2021) Response of Soybean (Glycine max L. (Merrill)) to Bradyrhizobium Inoculation, Lime, and Phosphorus Applications at Bako, Western Ethiopia. International Journal of Agronomy, 2021, Article 6686957. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6686957
[42]
Rosenblueth, M., Ormeño-Orrillo, E., López-López, A., Rogel, M.A., Reyes-Hernández, B.J., Martínez-Romero, J.C., et al. (2018) Nitrogen Fixation in Cereals. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9, Article 1794. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01794
[43]
Khan, N., Bano, A. and Babar, M.A. (2017) The Root Growth of Wheat Plants, the Water Conservation and Fertility Status of Sandy Soils Influenced by Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria. Symbiosis, 72, 195-205. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-016-0457-0
[44]
Naseem, H., Ahsan, M., Shahid, M.A. and Khan, N. (2018) Exopolysaccharides Producing Rhizobacteria and Their Role in Plant Growth and Drought Tolerance. Journal of Basic Microbiology, 58, 1009-1022. https://doi.org/10.1002/jobm.201800309
[45]
Tchameni, S., Nana-Wakam, L., Jemo, M., Fokom, R., Thé, C. and Nwaga D. (2009) Variation in Growth and P. Uptake of Maize Cultivars Colonized by Arbuscular Mycorrhizas on Acid Soil of Southern Cameroon. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, 5, 480-488.
[46]
Vanissa, T.T.G., Berger, B., Patz, S., Becker, M., Turečková, V., Novák, O., et al. (2020) The Response of Maize to Inoculation with Arthrobacter Sp. and Bacillus Sp. in Phosphorus-Deficient, Salinity-Affected Soil. Microorganisms, 8, Article 1005. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8071005
[47]
Tchuisseu Tchakounté, G.V., Berger, B., Patz, S., Fankem, H. and Ruppel, S. (2018) Community Structure and Plant Growth-Promoting Potential of Cultivable Bacteria Isolated from Cameroon Soil. Microbiological Research, 214, 47-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2018.05.008
[48]
Song, Y., Chen, D., Lu, K., Sun, Z. and Zeng, R. (2015) Enhanced Tomato Disease Resistance Primed by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6, Article 786. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00786
[49]
Bowles, T.M., Jackson, L.E., Loeher, M. and Cavagnaro, T.R. (2016) Ecological Intensification and Arbuscular Mycorrhizas: A Meta‐Analysis of Tillage and Cover Crop Effects. Journal of Applied Ecology, 54, 1785-1793. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12815
[50]
Lutz, S., Bodenhausen, N., Hess, J., Valzano-Held, A., Waelchli, J., Deslandes-Hérold, G., et al. (2023) Soil Microbiome Indicators Can Predict Crop Growth Response to Large-Scale Inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi. Nature Microbiology, 8, 2277-2289. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-023-01520-w
[51]
Laditi, M.A. (2012) Evaluation of Microbial Inoculants as Biofertilizers for the Improvement of Growth and Yield of Soybean and Maize Crops in Savanna Soils. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 7, 405-413. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar11.904
[52]
Chen, S., Zhao, H., Zou, C., Li, Y., Chen, Y., Wang, Z., et al. (2017) Combined Inoculation with Multiple Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Improves Growth, Nutrient Uptake and Photosynthesis in Cucumber Seedlings. Frontiers in Microbiology, 8, Article 2516. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02516
[53]
Fatiha, A. (2019) Plant Lipid Metabolism. Advances Lipid Metabolism, 1-16.
[54]
Sontsa-Donhoung, A., Bahdjolbe, M., Hawaou, and Nwaga, D. (2022) Selecting Endophytes for Rhizome Production, Curcumin Content, Biocontrol Potential, and Antioxidant Activities of Turmeric (Curcuma longa). BioMed Research International, 2022, Article 8321734. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8321734
Van Hung, P. (2016) Phenolic Compounds of Cereals and Their Antioxidant Capacity. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 56, 25-35. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2012.708909
[57]
Gök, G., Küçük, T., Cimen, S., Gök, A., Göktuğ, G., Erel, Ö., et al. (2024) The Effect of Glutathione on Development and Prognosis in Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13, Article 5483. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13185483
[58]
Pelton, R. (2024) The Glutathione Theory of Aging. Alternative Therapies in Healh and Medicine, 30, 54-58.
[59]
Asker, M.H., Emad, N.A. and Al-Zuaini, H.H. (2024) Role of Glutathione in Cardiovascular System Physiology. Medical Science Journal for Advance Research, 5, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.46966/msjar.v5i3.222
