中西医对咳嗽变异性哮喘的治疗研究进展
Research Progress on the Treatment of Cough Variant Asthma with Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine

咳嗽变异性哮喘(Cough Variant Asthma, CVA)在临床实践中颇为常见，是构成慢性咳嗽的关键病因之一。该疾病的临床表现主要为咳嗽症状，且普遍与气道高反应性及慢性炎症紧密相关。CVA的病理学特征涉及气道黏膜上皮层的增厚以及气道结构的重塑等病理改变。CVA的病理生理机制涉及遗传、免疫及过敏性等多重因素，其核心在于慢性气道炎症与气道高反应性。对于CVA的治疗策略，关键在于减轻气道炎症并降低气道的高反应性。在西医治疗CVA方面，方法包括单独使用吸入性糖皮质激素、吸入性糖皮质激素与β2受体激动剂的联合应用、茶碱类药物以及白三烯受体拮抗剂等。与此相对，中医治疗CVA则遵循辨证论治的原则，以确立针对该病的个性化治疗方案。本研究的目的在于通过广泛综合分析关于CVA的文献资料，系统梳理中西医在CVA临床治疗领域的现状与发展动态，进而为临床实践提供有意义的参考和指导。
Cough variant asthma (CVA) is quite common in clinical practice and is one of the key causes of chronic cough. The clinical manifestations of this disease are mainly cough symptoms, which are generally closely related to airway hyperresponsiveness and chronic inflammation. The pathological features of CVA involve pathological changes such as thickening of the airway mucosal epithelial layer and remodeling of the airway structure. The pathophysiological mechanism of CVA involves multiple factors such as genetics, immunity, and allergies, with the core being chronic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness. The key to the treatment strategy for CVA is to reduce airway inflammation and decrease airway hyperresponsiveness. In the treatment of CVA in Western medicine, methods include the use of inhaled corticosteroids alone, the combination of inhaled corticosteroids and β2 receptor agonists, theophylline drugs, and leukotriene receptor antagonists. On the other hand, traditional Chinese medicine treatment for CVA follows the principle of syndrome differentiation and treatment to establish personalized treatment plans for the disease. The purpose of this study is to comprehensively analyze literature on CVA, systematically review the current status and development trends of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the clinical treatment of CVA, and provide meaningful references and guidance for clinical practice.