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维持性血液透析患者非透析日久坐行为现状及影响因素分析
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Abstract:
目的：了解维持性血液透析患者非透析日久坐行为及影响因素，为制定精准性干预措施提供参考。方法：采用便利抽样法，选取2022年8月至10月在西安市某三级甲等医院血液净化科进行治疗的终末期肾病患者作为研究对象，共纳入198例病例。收集患者一周内非透析日平均步数和一般资料信息，并使用透析患者生活质量量表、运动自我效能量表对患者进行调查。结果：198例患者中，久坐组95例(47.98%)，非久坐组103例(52.02%)，单因素分析显示，两组患者在跌倒史、文化程度、BMI、生活质量、运动自我效能的差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)；Logistic回归分析显示，跌倒史、文化程度、运动自我效能、生活质量是维持性血液透析患者久坐行为的独立影响因素。结论：维持性血液透析患者非透析日运动步数不理想，久坐行为与跌倒史、文化程度、运动自我效能、生活质量有关。临床医护人员要及时对患者的运动水平进行评估和干预，鼓励病人经常进行运动锻炼以减少久坐行为。
Objective: To investigate the exercise steps and sedentary behavior of maintenance hemodialysis patients on non-dialysis days and analyze the related influencing factors. Methods: A total of 198 patients who received maintenance hemodialysis treatment at a tertiary hospital’s blood purification center in Xi’an from August 2022 to October 2022 were selected as the research subjects by convenience sampling. The average number of steps taken by the patients on non-dialysis days within a week and their general information were collected. The patients were also surveyed using the Quality-of-Life Scale for Dialysis Patients and the Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale. Results: Among the 198 patients, 95 (47.98%) were in the sedentary group and 103 (52.02%) were in the non-sedentary group. Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of history of falls, educational level, BMI, exercise self-efficacy, and quality of life (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that history of falls, educational level, exercise self-efficacy, and quality of life were independent influencing factors for sedentary behavior in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Conclusion: The number of steps taken by patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis on non-dialysis days is not satisfactory. Sedentary behavior is related to a history of falls, educational level, exercise self-efficacy, and quality of life. Clinical medical staff should promptly assess and intervene in the exercise level of patients, and encourage them to exercise regularly to reduce sedentary behavior.
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