现代桥梁钢结构制造技术的进展与挑战
The Progress and Challenges of Modern Bridge Steel Structure Manufacturing Technology

近年来，得益于技术的显著进步，桥梁钢结构制造技术已经取得了重大突破，这不仅提升了桥梁的抗震性能、生态环保性、跨度和荷载能力，还通过模块化设计、工厂化制造和精准快速的安装架设，极大地推动了钢结构桥梁在交通基础设施建设中的广泛应用。随着钢材性能的提升、激光焊接技术的广泛应用、自动化和数字化技术的深入应用，以及模块化和装配式生产的推广，现代桥梁钢结构的制造效率和精度得到了极大提高。随着激光焊接技术的不断进步，其在钢结构桥梁建设中的应用显著提升了结构质量的稳定性，并且大幅缩短了施工周期。然而，尽管取得了诸多进展，现代桥梁钢结构制造仍面临诸多挑战，诸如材料成本攀升、焊接质量控制难度加大、结构健康监测与维护技术瓶颈，以及日益严格的环保和可持续性要求等。未来，随着新型高性能钢材的研发、智能化制造的推进和绿色可持续技术的应用，钢结构桥梁的制造技术将继续朝着更加高效、环保和智能化的方向发展。
In recent years, thanks to the significant progress of technology, the manufacturing technology of bridge steel structure has made a major breakthrough, which not only improves the seismic performance, ecological environmental protection, span and load capacity of the bridge, but also greatly promotes the wide application of steel structure bridge in transportation infrastructure construction through modular design, factory manufacturing and accurate and rapid installation and erection. With the improvement of steel performance, the wide application of laser welding technology, the in-depth application of automation and digital technology, and the promotion of modular and assembly production, the manufacturing efficiency and accuracy of modern bridge steel structure have been greatly improved. With the continuous progress of laser welding technology, its application in the construction of steel structure bridges has significantly improved the stability of structural quality and greatly shortened the construction period. However, despite many advances, modern bridge steel structure manufacturing still faces many challenges, such as rising material costs, increasing difficulty in welding quality control, technical bottlenecks in structural health monitoring and maintenance, and increasingly stringent environmental and sustainability requirements. In the future, with the development of new high-performance steel, the advancement of intelligent manufacturing and the application of green sustainable technology, the manufacturing technology of steel structure bridges will continue to develop in a more efficient, environmentally friendly and intelligent direction.