能源转型与生态环境保护的经济协同发展机制探讨
Discussion on the Economic Coordinated Development Mechanism of Energy Transformation and Ecological Environment Protection

在全球气候治理深化与中国“双碳”目标推进的背景下，本研究聚焦能源转型与生态环境保护的经济协同机制，旨在破解传统发展模式中能源安全、生态保护与经济增长的“三重矛盾”。整合能源–经济–环境(3E)系统理论、绿色增长与生态经济学理论，揭示能源清洁化、生态治理与经济高质量发展的动态耦合规律。研究发现：能源结构转型通过可再生能源替代与“光伏 + 治沙”等模式，形成生态保护的源头减排与空间优化效应；生态约束通过碳价机制倒逼CCUS、绿氢等技术突破，推动能源体系向负外部性内化转型；市场驱动与政策协调机制则借助碳交易、生态补偿等工具激活自然资本价值，构建“政策定界–市场配置–技术赋能”协同网络。长三角示范区通过风光储协同与跨域补偿实现能耗下降与湿地修复倍增，德国可再生能源立法与北欧碳税验证了约束–激励政策组合的有效性。研究提出构建“GEP核算考核 + 绿色技术银行 + 区域协同治理”多维政策体系，推动生态价值转化为经济增长动能。理论层面突破线性分析框架，揭示3E系统非线性协同规律；实践层面为统筹双碳目标与生态文明提供机制工具箱，助力全球气候治理从成本分担转向价值共创，对中国式现代化与全球可持续发展具有战略意义。
In the context of the deepening of global climate governance and the promotion of China’s “two-carbon” goal, this study focuses on the economic coordination mechanism of energy transformation and ecological and environmental protection, aiming to solve the “triple contradiction” among energy security, ecological protection, and economic growth in the traditional development model. Integrate the energy-economy-environment (3E) system theory, green growth, and ecological economics theory, and reveal the dynamic coupling law of clean energy, ecological governance, and high-quality economic development. It is found that the transformation of energy structure can form the effect of source emission reduction and space optimization through the modes of renewable energy substitution and “photovoltaic + sand control”; the ecological constraint through the carbon price mechanism to promote the internalization of the energy system; the market drive and policy coordination mechanism activates the natural capital value with the tools of carbon trading and ecological compensation, and builds the collaborative network of “policy demarcation-market allocation-technology enabling.” The Yangtze River Delta demonstration area realized the reduction of energy consumption and wetland restoration through the coordination of landscape storage and cross-domain compensation. German renewable energy legislation and the Nordic carbon tax verified the effectiveness of the constraint-incentive policy combination. Study and propose to build a multi-dimensional policy system of “GEP accounting and assessment + green technology bank + regional collaborative governance” to promote the transformation of ecological value into economic growth momentum. The theoretical level breaks through the linear analysis framework and reveals the