Objective: To explore the nursing management of psychological distress in patients with advanced cancers based on the best evidence and evaluate the effect of its application. Methods: 153 patients with advanced cancers admitted to the oncology department of a tertiary-level hospital in Hubei Province from January to December 2024 were selected as the study subjects, and 79 patients with advanced cancers admitted from April to June 2024 were selected as the baseline group and 74 patients with advanced cancers as the evidence-based practice group. Using the “evidence-based continuous quality improvement model” as a guide, the evidence-based practice of psychological distress management was applied to patients with advanced cancers according to the four stages of evidence acquisition, current status review, evidence introduction and effect evaluation, and the changes in the incidence rate of psychological distress were compared before and after the application of the evidence-based practice. Results: Nineteen pieces of evidence on hospice management of psychological distress in patients with advanced oncology were summarised, and the evidence was translated into 13 review indicators for evidence-based practice. The implementation rate of the review indicators for the management of psychological distress in patients with advanced oncology and the level of nurses’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours related to psychological distress in patients with advanced oncology were significantly improved, with statistically significant differences in the knowledge and behavioural dimensions (P < 0.05). The incidence of moderate to severe psychological distress in patients with clinically advanced cancers was reduced from 76% to 43.5% (P = 0.04). Conclusion: Evidence-based nursing practice of hospice management of psychological distress in patients with advanced cancers can effectively improve the clinical practice environment, improve nurses’ knowledge of prevention of psychological distress in patients with advanced cancers, attitudes and adherence to clinical measures, reduce the incidence of moderate-to-severe psychological distress in patients with advanced cancers in the clinic, and improve the quality of their lives.
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