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外阴硬化性苔藓的诊疗进展及对女性生活质量的多方面影响
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Abstract:
外阴硬化性苔藓(Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus, VLS)是一种慢性炎症性皮肤病，主要累及外阴和肛周区域，是女性健康领域中一个重要但常被忽视的问题。VLS的典型临床特征包括剧烈瘙痒、疼痛、皮肤瘢痕形成以及潜在的恶性病变风险，这些症状不仅严重影响患者的生活质量(Quality of Life, QoL)，还可能导致长期的身心困扰。尽管目前有多种治疗方法，如局部皮质类固醇激素、免疫调节剂等，但治疗效果往往有限，且尚无根治手段。本文系统分析了现有治疗方法的优势与局限性，阐述VLS对女性生理、心理及性功能的多方面影响，旨在提高临床对VLS的认知和重视，倡导早期诊断和积极干预，避免VLS对QoL的长期负面影响，并降低其癌变风险，为改善患者预后提供理论支持和实践指导。
Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus (VLS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease primarily affecting the vulvar and perianal regions, representing a significant yet often overlooked issue in women’s health. The typical clinical features of VLS include intense itching, pain, scar formation, and a potential risk of malignant transformation. These symptoms not only severely impact patients’ quality of life (QoL) but may also lead to long-term physical and psychological distress. Although various treatment methods, such as topical corticosteroids and immunomodulators, are currently available, their efficacy is often limited, and no definitive cure exists. This paper systematically analyzes the advantages and limitations of existing treatments, discusses the multifaceted impact of VLS on women’s physiological, psychological, and sexual health, and aims to enhance clinical awareness and attention to VLS. It advocates for early diagnosis and active intervention to mitigate the long-term negative effects of VLS on QoL, reduce the risk of malignant transformation, and provide theoretical support and practical guidance for improving patient outcomes.
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