Background: Infections are common in all surgical specialities. They include surgical site infections, osteoarticular infections, soft tissue infections and urinary tract infections. For efficient management, it is essential to know which germs are responsible and which antibiotics they are sensitive to. The aim of this study was to determine the bacteriological profile of these infections and assess their sensitivity to the antibiotics currently in use. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study retrospective conducted over a 5-year period, from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2023. It focused on the positive results of bacteriological samples taken from patients admitted to the Surgical Department of the University Clinics of Kisangani for an infectious pathology or who had developed an infection during their hospital stay (osteoarticular infections, soft tissue infections, surgical site infections, maxillofacial infections, ENT infections, urinary tract infections). The sample was non-probabilistic for convenience. Results: There were 181 positive cultures from all departments combined. In 11 cases (6%), the infection was due to 2 bacteria. A total of 192 bacteria were isolated. Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 43.8%, followed by Escherichia coli at 12.5%, Citrobacter diversus at 11% and Enterobacter at 8.9%. There was a high rate of germs with reduced sensitivity to commonly used antibiotics. The sensitivity study found 26 multi-resistant germs (13.5%). Conclusion:Staphylococcus aureus was found to be the most common germ at 43.8%, followed by Escherichia coli at 12.5%, Citrobacter diversus at 11% and Enterobacter at 8.9%. A high rate of germs with reduced sensitivity to commonly used antibiotics was noted. The antibiotic protocol needed to be changed, and an antibiotic prophylaxis based on the most active antibiotics in the bacterial ecology needed to be introduced.
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