内置式转向架构架结构优化及动力学分析
Optimization and Dynamic Analysis of Built-In Bogie Frame Structure

转向架在高速列车中发挥着至关重要的作用。通过不断进行轻量化研究，可以进一步提高列车的性能表现、降低能耗和成本等。因此，本文建立了内置式转向架的有限元模型，采用ANSYS分析了5种工况下的静强度和4种疲劳工况，并基于结构应力法对疲劳工况应力较大区域的4条焊缝进行了疲劳寿命分析。随后依据强度分析结果以及灵敏度对其进行尺寸优化，优化后的转向架在满足疲劳强度的同时，质量降低了4.8%。将优化后的模型利用ANSYS-Simpack联合仿真进行动力学分析，由仿真结果可知，横向振动加速度、垂向振动加速度、脱轨系数、轮重减载率均符合《GB/T 5599-2019》中的标准数据，实现了轻量化的目标且车辆运行平稳性以及安全性也符合要求。
The bogie plays a crucial role in high-speed trains. Continuous research on lightweight design can further improve the train’s performance, reduce energy consumption, and lower costs. Therefore, this paper establishes a finite element model of a built-in bogie frame, using ANSYS to analyze static strength under five operating conditions and fatigue under four fatigue conditions. Based on the structural stress method, the fatigue life of four weld seams in high-stress regions of the fatigue conditions is analyzed. Then, size optimization is carried out based on the strength analysis results and sensitivity. After optimization, the bogie achieves a 4.8% reduction in weight while meeting fatigue strength requirements. The optimized model is subjected to dynamic analysis through ANSYS-Simpack co-simulation. The simulation results show that the lateral vibration acceleration, vertical vibration acceleration, derailment coefficient, and wheel load reduction rate all meet the standards specified in GB/T 5599-2019. The lightweight goal is achieved, and the vehicle’s running stability and safety also meet the requirements.