Profile of Pathogenic Bacteria Responsible for Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) in Patients with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Their Sensitivity to Antibiotics

Objective: To analyze the profile of pathogenic bacteria responsible for urinary tract infections (UTIs) in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage and their sensitivity to antibiotics and provide a basis for clinical treatment and prevention of UTIs. Methods: Total of 716 subarachnoid hemorrhage patients in The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University from January 2019 to July 2024 were enrolled. There were 33 patients with urinary tract infection. The composition of pathogenic bacteria and drug susceptibility testing were retrospectively investigated and analyzed. Results: Urinary tract infection in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage incidence was 4.61% (33/716), 42 strains of pathogens were isolated and cultured, there are 15 strains of Escherichia coli (35.71%), 3 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.14%), 5 strains of Klebsiella pneumonia (11.91%), 2 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii (4.76%) and 1 strain of Enterobacter cloacae (2.38%), 3 strains of Proteus mirabilis (7.14%), 3 strains of Enterococcus faecalis (7.14%), 1 strain of Staphylococcus aureus (2.38%), 5 strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis (11.91%) and 3 strains of Enterococcus urinalis (7.14%). There was 1 strain of Candida albicans (2.38%). Escherichia coli was highly sensitive to imipenem (100%) and aztreonam (86.7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa was highly sensitive to aztreonam (100%), Klebsiella pneumoniae was highly sensitive to nitrofurantoin (80%) and imipenem (80%), and Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus epidermidis were generally sensitive to vancomycin and imipenem (100%). 1 strain of Candida albicans was sensitive to fluconazole and amphotericin. Conclusion: In the composition of pathogenic bacteria causing urinary tract infection in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients, Escherichia coli was the most common strain. It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring to understand its susceptibility, in order to standardize the rational use of antimicrobial drugs and improve the treatment effect.