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植物功能性状对全球变化的适应性策略
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Abstract:
在当前人类活动与自然环境相互作用日益显著的背景下，以大气CO2升高、温度上升、干旱胁迫、土地利用转变及紫外辐射增强等为特征的全球变化正通过多维度生态位重构深刻影响陆地生态系统结构与功能。植物作为陆地生态系统的核心组分，通过光合代谢通路调控、繁殖策略权衡、资源分配可塑性等多维响应机制，不仅成为揭示全球变化生态效应的关键生物指示体，更为气候韧性生态系统构建提供了理论锚点。本文系统综述了全球变化对植物群落结构及功能的影响，并对植物功能性状指标的精细化以及在全球变化背景下植物功能性状动态响应机制的研究前景进行了深入探讨，旨在为后续的生态学研究和生态系统管理提供理论支撑和科学指导。
Under the background that the interaction between human activities and natural environment is becoming more and more obvious, global changes characterized by elevated atmospheric CO2, rising temperature, drought stress, land use change and enhanced ultraviolet radiation are profoundly affecting the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystem through multi-dimensional niche reconstruction. As the core component of terrestrial ecosystem, plants not only become the key biological indicators to reveal the ecological effects of global change, but also provide theoretical anchors for the construction of climate-resilient ecosystem through multi-dimensional response mechanisms such as regulation of photosynthetic metabolic pathways, balance of reproductive strategies and plasticity of resource allocation. In this paper, the effects of global change on the structure and function of plant communities are systematically reviewed, and the refinement of plant functional traits indicators and the research prospect of dynamic response mechanism of plant functional traits under the background of global change are discussed in depth, in order to provide theoretical support and scientific guidance for subsequent ecological research and ecosystem management. Finally, a research framework integrating multi-scale observation and model prediction is proposed to provide theoretical basis for ecological restoration and climate change response.
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